vim-patch:11e3c5ba8203

Update runtime files
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/11e3c5ba820325b69cb56f70e13c21d7b8808d33

18 files changed, 2347 insertions, 2384 deletions

diff --git a/runtime/doc/ft_raku.txt b/runtime/doc/ft_raku.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..26ada8a140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/doc/ft_raku.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+*vim-raku.txt*	The Raku programming language filetype
+
+                                                      *vim-raku*
+
+Vim-raku provides syntax highlighting, indentation, and other support for
+editing Raku programs.
+
+1. Using Unicode in your Raku files	|raku-unicode|
+
+==============================================================================
+1. Using Unicode in your Raku files                           *raku-unicode*
+
+Defining new operators using Unicode symbols is a good way to make your
+Raku program easy to read. See:
+https://perl6advent.wordpress.com/2012/12/18/day-18-formulas-resistance-is-futile/
+
+While Raku does define ASCII alternatives for some common operators (see
+https://docs.raku.org/language/unicode_ascii), using the full range of
+Unicode operators is highly desirable. Your operating system provides input
+facilities, but using the features built in to Vim may be preferable.
+
+The natural way to produce these symbols in Vim is to use digraph shortcuts
+(:help |digraphs-use|). Many of them are defined; type `:digraphs` to get
+the list. A convenient way to read the list of digraphs is to save them in a
+file. From the shell: >
+        vim +'redir >/tmp/vim-digraphs-listing.txt' +digraphs +'redir END' +q
+
+Some of them are available with standard Vim digraphs:
+	<< «    /0 ∅    !< ≮  ~
+	>> »    Ob ∘    !> ≯  ~
+	., …    00 ∞    (C ⊂  ~
+	(U ∩    -: ÷    )C ⊃  ~
+	)U ∪    (_ ⊆    >= ≥  ~
+	?= ≅    )_ ⊇    =< ≤  ~
+	(- ∈    ?= ≅    != ≠  ~
+	-) ∋    ?- ≃  ~
+
+The Greek alphabet is available with '*' followed by a similar Latin symbol:
+	*p π  ~
+	*t τ  ~
+	*X ×  ~
+
+Numbers, subscripts and superscripts are available with 's' and 'S':
+	0s ₀    0S ⁰  ~
+	1s ₁    1S ¹  ~
+	2s ₂    9S ⁹  ~
+
+But some don´t come defined by default. Those are digraph definitions you can
+add in your ~/.vimrc file. >
+	exec 'digraph \\ '.char2nr('∖')
+	exec 'digraph \< '.char2nr('≼')
+	exec 'digraph \> '.char2nr('≽')
+	exec 'digraph (L '.char2nr('⊈')
+	exec 'digraph )L '.char2nr('⊉')
+	exec 'digraph (/ '.char2nr('⊄')
+	exec 'digraph )/ '.char2nr('⊅')
+	exec 'digraph )/ '.char2nr('⊅')
+	exec 'digraph U+ '.char2nr('⊎')
+	exec 'digraph 0- '.char2nr('⊖')
+	" Euler's constant
+	exec 'digraph ne '.char2nr('𝑒')
+	" Raku's atomic operations marker
+	exec 'digraph @@ '.char2nr('⚛')
+
+Alternatively, you can write Insert mode abbreviations that convert ASCII-
+based operators into their single-character Unicode equivalent. >
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(<) ⊄
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(<=) ⊈
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(>) ⊅
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(>=) ⊉
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(cont) ∌
+	iabbrev <buffer> !(elem) ∉
+	iabbrev <buffer> != ≠
+	iabbrev <buffer> (&) ∩
+	iabbrev <buffer> (+) ⊎
+	iabbrev <buffer> (-) ∖
+	iabbrev <buffer> (.) ⊍
+	iabbrev <buffer> (<) ⊂
+	iabbrev <buffer> (<+) ≼
+	iabbrev <buffer> (<=) ⊆
+	iabbrev <buffer> (>) ⊃
+	iabbrev <buffer> (>+) ≽
+	iabbrev <buffer> (>=) ⊇
+	iabbrev <buffer> (\|) ∪
+	iabbrev <buffer> (^) ⊖
+	iabbrev <buffer> (atomic) ⚛
+	iabbrev <buffer> (cont) ∋
+	iabbrev <buffer> (elem) ∈
+	iabbrev <buffer> * ×
+	iabbrev <buffer> **0 ⁰
+	iabbrev <buffer> **1 ¹
+	iabbrev <buffer> **2 ²
+	iabbrev <buffer> **3 ³
+	iabbrev <buffer> **4 ⁴
+	iabbrev <buffer> **5 ⁵
+	iabbrev <buffer> **6 ⁶
+	iabbrev <buffer> **7 ⁷
+	iabbrev <buffer> **8 ⁸
+	iabbrev <buffer> **9 ⁹
+	iabbrev <buffer> ... …
+	iabbrev <buffer> / ÷
+	iabbrev <buffer> << «
+	iabbrev <buffer> <<[=]<< «=«
+	iabbrev <buffer> <<[=]>> «=»
+	iabbrev <buffer> <= ≤
+	iabbrev <buffer> =~= ≅
+	iabbrev <buffer> >= ≥
+	iabbrev <buffer> >> »
+	iabbrev <buffer> >>[=]<< »=«
+	iabbrev <buffer> >>[=]>> »=»
+	iabbrev <buffer> Inf ∞
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-add-fetch ⚛+=
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-assign ⚛=
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch ⚛
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-dec-fetch --⚛
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch-dec ⚛--
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch-inc ⚛++
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-inc-fetch ++⚛
+	iabbrev <buffer> atomic-sub-fetch ⚛−=
+	iabbrev <buffer> e 𝑒
+	iabbrev <buffer> o ∘
+	iabbrev <buffer> pi π
+	iabbrev <buffer> set() ∅
+	iabbrev <buffer> tau τ
+<
+ vim:tw=78:ts=8:noet:ft=help:norl:
diff --git a/runtime/doc/usr_12.txt b/runtime/doc/usr_12.txt
index 21efa36a25..51a25b1593 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/usr_12.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/usr_12.txt
@@ -180,14 +180,14 @@ after it.  That way you don't have this problem again.
 The |:global| command can be combined with the |:move| command to move all the
 lines before the first line, resulting in a reversed file.  The command is: >
 
-	:global/^/m 0
+	:global/^/move 0
 
 Abbreviated: >
 
 	:g/^/m 0
 
 The "^" regular expression matches the beginning of the line (even if the line
-is blank).  The |:move| command moves the matching line to after the mythical
+is blank).  The |:move| command moves the matching line to after the imaginary
 zeroth line, so the current matching line becomes the first line of the file.
 As the |:global| command is not confused by the changing line numbering,
 |:global| proceeds to match all remaining lines of the file and puts each as
diff --git a/runtime/doc/usr_41.txt b/runtime/doc/usr_41.txt
index 081b3ece1c..4cba5a33d0 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/usr_41.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/usr_41.txt
@@ -115,12 +115,20 @@ if you are impatient.
 
 FOUR KINDS OF NUMBERS
 
-Numbers can be decimal, hexadecimal, octal or binary.  A hexadecimal number
-starts with "0x" or "0X".  For example "0x1f" is decimal 31.  An octal number
-starts with a zero.  "017" is decimal 15.  A binary number starts with "0b" or
-"0B".  For example "0b101" is decimal 5.  Careful: don't put a zero before a
-decimal number, it will be interpreted as an octal number!
-   The ":echo" command always prints decimal numbers.  Example: >
+Numbers can be decimal, hexadecimal, octal or binary.
+
+A hexadecimal number starts with "0x" or "0X".  For example "0x1f" is decimal
+31.
+
+An octal number starts with "0o", "0O" or a zero and another digit.  "0o17" is
+decimal 15.  Using just a zero prefix is not supported in Vim9 script.
+
+A binary number starts with "0b" or "0B".  For example "0b101" is decimal 5.
+
+A decimal number is just digits.  Careful: don't put a zero before a decimal
+number, it will be interpreted as an octal number in legacy script!
+
+The ":echo" command always prints decimal numbers.  Example: >
 
 	:echo 0x7f 0o36
 <	127 30 ~
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/perl6.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/perl6.vim
deleted file mode 100644
index 0467bea0c2..0000000000
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/perl6.vim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-" Vim filetype plugin file
-" Language:      Perl 6
-" Maintainer:    vim-perl <vim-perl@googlegroups.com>
-" Homepage:      https://github.com/vim-perl/vim-perl
-" Bugs/requests: https://github.com/vim-perl/vim-perl/issues
-" Last Change:   2020 Apr 15
-" Contributors:  Hinrik Örn Sigurðsson <hinrik.sig@gmail.com>
-"
-" Based on ftplugin/perl.vim by Dan Sharp <dwsharp at hotmail dot com>
-
-if exists("b:did_ftplugin") | finish | endif
-let b:did_ftplugin = 1
-
-" Make sure the continuation lines below do not cause problems in
-" compatibility mode.
-let s:save_cpo = &cpo
-set cpo-=C
-
-setlocal formatoptions-=t
-setlocal formatoptions+=crqol
-setlocal keywordprg=p6doc
-
-setlocal comments=:#
-setlocal commentstring=#%s
-
-" Change the browse dialog on Win32 to show mainly Perl-related files
-if has("gui_win32")
-    let b:browsefilter = "Perl Source Files (*.pl)\t*.pl\n" .
-               \ "Perl Modules (*.pm)\t*.pm\n" .
-               \ "Perl Documentation Files (*.pod)\t*.pod\n" .
-               \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
-endif
-
-" Provided by Ned Konz <ned at bike-nomad dot com>
-"---------------------------------------------
-setlocal include=\\<\\(use\\\|require\\)\\>
-setlocal includeexpr=substitute(substitute(v:fname,'::','/','g'),'$','.pm','')
-setlocal define=[^A-Za-z_]
-
-" The following line changes a global variable but is necessary to make
-" gf and similar commands work. Thanks to Andrew Pimlott for pointing out
-" the problem. If this causes a " problem for you, add an
-" after/ftplugin/perl6.vim file that contains
-"       set isfname-=:
-set isfname+=:
-setlocal iskeyword=48-57,_,A-Z,a-z,:,-
-
-" Set this once, globally.
-if !exists("perlpath")
-    if executable("perl6")
-        try
-            if &shellxquote != '"'
-                let perlpath = system('perl6 -e  "@*INC.join(q/,/).say"')
-            else
-                let perlpath = system("perl6 -e  '@*INC.join(q/,/).say'")
-            endif
-            let perlpath = substitute(perlpath,',.$',',,','')
-        catch /E145:/
-            let perlpath = ".,,"
-        endtry
-    else
-        " If we can't call perl to get its path, just default to using the
-        " current directory and the directory of the current file.
-        let perlpath = ".,,"
-    endif
-endif
-
-let &l:path=perlpath
-"---------------------------------------------
-
-" Undo the stuff we changed.
-let b:undo_ftplugin = "setlocal fo< com< cms< inc< inex< def< isk<" .
-        \         " | unlet! b:browsefilter"
-
-" Restore the saved compatibility options.
-let &cpo = s:save_cpo
-unlet s:save_cpo
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/r.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/r.vim
index 4ea3073922..a78afa2e7e 100644
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/r.vim
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/r.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language: R
 " Maintainer: Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Tue Apr 07, 2015  04:38PM
+" Last Change:	Sat Aug 15, 2020  11:37AM
 
 " Only do this when not yet done for this buffer
 if exists("b:did_ftplugin")
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ setlocal formatoptions-=t
 setlocal commentstring=#\ %s
 setlocal comments=:#',:###,:##,:#
 
-if has("gui_win32") && !exists("b:browsefilter")
+if (has("gui_win32") || has("gui_gtk")) && !exists("b:browsefilter")
   let b:browsefilter = "R Source Files (*.R)\t*.R\n" .
         \ "Files that include R (*.Rnw *.Rd *.Rmd *.Rrst)\t*.Rnw;*.Rd;*.Rmd;*.Rrst\n" .
         \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/raku.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/raku.vim
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..941222bd38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/raku.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+" Vim filetype plugin file
+" Language:      Raku
+" Maintainer:    vim-perl <vim-perl@googlegroups.com>
+" Homepage:      https://github.com/Raku/vim-raku
+" Bugs/requests: https://github.com/Raku/vim-raku/issues
+" Last Change:   2021-04-16
+" Contributors:  Hinrik Örn Sigurðsson <hinrik.sig@gmail.com>
+"
+" Based on ftplugin/perl.vim by Dan Sharp <dwsharp at hotmail dot com>
+
+if exists("b:did_ftplugin") | finish | endif
+let b:did_ftplugin = 1
+
+" Make sure the continuation lines below do not cause problems in
+" compatibility mode.
+let s:save_cpo = &cpo
+set cpo-=C
+
+setlocal formatoptions-=t
+setlocal formatoptions+=crqol
+setlocal keywordprg=p6doc
+
+setlocal comments=:#\|,:#=,:#
+setlocal commentstring=#%s
+
+" Provided by Ned Konz <ned at bike-nomad dot com>
+"---------------------------------------------
+setlocal include=\\<\\(use\\\|require\\)\\>
+setlocal includeexpr=substitute(v:fname,'::','/','g')
+setlocal suffixesadd=.rakumod,.rakudoc,.pm6,.pm
+setlocal define=[^A-Za-z_]
+
+" The following line changes a global variable but is necessary to make
+" gf and similar commands work. Thanks to Andrew Pimlott for pointing out
+" the problem. If this causes a problem for you, add an
+" after/ftplugin/raku.vim file that contains
+"       set isfname-=:
+set isfname+=:
+setlocal iskeyword=@,48-57,_,192-255,-
+
+" Raku exposes its CompUnits through $*REPO, but mapping module names to
+" compunit paths is nontrivial. Probably it's more convenient to rely on
+" people using zef, which has a handy store of sources for modules it has
+" installed.
+func s:compareReverseFtime(a, b)
+    let atime = getftime(a:a)
+    let btime = getftime(a:b)
+    return atime > btime ? -1 : atime == btime ? 0 : 1
+endfunc
+
+let &l:path = "lib,."
+if exists('$RAKULIB')
+    let &l:path = &l:path . "," . $RAKULIB
+endif
+let &l:path = &l:path . "," . join(
+            \ sort(glob("~/.zef/store/*/*/lib", 0, 1), "s:compareReverseFtime"),
+            \ ',')
+
+" Convert ascii-based ops into their single-character unicode equivalent
+if get(g:, 'raku_unicode_abbrevs', 0)
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(<) ⊄
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(<=) ⊈
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(>) ⊅
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(>=) ⊉
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(cont) ∌
+    iabbrev <buffer> !(elem) ∉
+    iabbrev <buffer> != ≠
+    iabbrev <buffer> (&) ∩
+    iabbrev <buffer> (+) ⊎
+    iabbrev <buffer> (-) ∖
+    iabbrev <buffer> (.) ⊍
+    iabbrev <buffer> (<) ⊂
+    iabbrev <buffer> (<+) ≼
+    iabbrev <buffer> (<=) ⊆
+    iabbrev <buffer> (>) ⊃
+    iabbrev <buffer> (>+) ≽
+    iabbrev <buffer> (>=) ⊇
+    iabbrev <buffer> (\|) ∪
+    iabbrev <buffer> (^) ⊖
+    iabbrev <buffer> (atomic) ⚛
+    iabbrev <buffer> (cont) ∋
+    iabbrev <buffer> (elem) ∈
+    iabbrev <buffer> * ×
+    iabbrev <buffer> **0 ⁰
+    iabbrev <buffer> **1 ¹
+    iabbrev <buffer> **2 ²
+    iabbrev <buffer> **3 ³
+    iabbrev <buffer> **4 ⁴
+    iabbrev <buffer> **5 ⁵
+    iabbrev <buffer> **6 ⁶
+    iabbrev <buffer> **7 ⁷
+    iabbrev <buffer> **8 ⁸
+    iabbrev <buffer> **9 ⁹
+    iabbrev <buffer> ... …
+    iabbrev <buffer> / ÷
+    iabbrev <buffer> << «
+    iabbrev <buffer> <<[=]<< «=«
+    iabbrev <buffer> <<[=]>> «=»
+    iabbrev <buffer> <= ≤
+    iabbrev <buffer> =~= ≅
+    iabbrev <buffer> >= ≥
+    iabbrev <buffer> >> »
+    iabbrev <buffer> >>[=]<< »=«
+    iabbrev <buffer> >>[=]>> »=»
+    iabbrev <buffer> Inf ∞
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-add-fetch ⚛+=
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-assign ⚛=
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch ⚛
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-dec-fetch --⚛
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch-dec ⚛--
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-fetch-inc ⚛++
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-inc-fetch ++⚛
+    iabbrev <buffer> atomic-sub-fetch ⚛−=
+    iabbrev <buffer> e 𝑒
+    iabbrev <buffer> o ∘
+    iabbrev <buffer> pi π
+    iabbrev <buffer> set() ∅
+    iabbrev <buffer> tau τ
+endif
+
+" Undo the stuff we changed.
+let b:undo_ftplugin = "setlocal fo< com< cms< inc< inex< def< isf< isk< kp< path<" .
+        \         " | unlet! b:browsefilter"
+
+" Restore the saved compatibility options.
+let &cpo = s:save_cpo
+unlet s:save_cpo
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/rhelp.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/rhelp.vim
index fdac38f3e9..d0b546d62d 100644
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/rhelp.vim
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/rhelp.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language: R help file
 " Maintainer: Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Tue Apr 07, 2015  04:37PM
+" Last Change:	Sat Aug 15, 2020  12:01PM
 
 " Only do this when not yet done for this buffer
 if exists("b:did_ftplugin")
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ set cpo&vim
 
 setlocal iskeyword=@,48-57,_,.
 
-if has("gui_win32") && !exists("b:browsefilter")
+if (has("gui_win32") || has("gui_gtk")) && !exists("b:browsefilter")
   let b:browsefilter = "R Source Files (*.R *.Rnw *.Rd *.Rmd *.Rrst)\t*.R;*.Rnw;*.Rd;*.Rmd;*.Rrst\n" .
         \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
 endif
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/rmd.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/rmd.vim
index 7b0db8dbb5..2ee72ffc6c 100644
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/rmd.vim
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/rmd.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language: R Markdown file
 " Maintainer: Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Sun Jul 22, 2018  06:51PM
+" Last Change:	Sat Aug 15, 2020  12:03PM
 " Original work by Alex Zvoleff (adjusted from R help for rmd by Michel Kuhlmann)
 
 " Only do this when not yet done for this buffer
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ runtime ftplugin/pandoc.vim
 " Don't load another plugin for this buffer
 let b:did_ftplugin = 1
 
-if has("gui_win32") && !exists("b:browsefilter")
+if (has("gui_win32") || has("gui_gtk")) && !exists("b:browsefilter")
   let b:browsefilter = "R Source Files (*.R *.Rnw *.Rd *.Rmd *.Rrst)\t*.R;*.Rnw;*.Rd;*.Rmd;*.Rrst\n" .
         \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
 endif
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/rnoweb.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/rnoweb.vim
index e184399dcb..dc5f1b5e06 100644
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/rnoweb.vim
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/rnoweb.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language: Rnoweb
 " Maintainer: Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Tue Apr 07, 2015  04:37PM
+" Last Change:	Sat Aug 15, 2020  12:02PM
 
 " Only do this when not yet done for this buffer
 if exists("b:did_ftplugin")
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ setlocal iskeyword=@,48-57,_,.
 setlocal suffixesadd=.bib,.tex
 setlocal comments=b:%,b:#,b:##,b:###,b:#'
 
-if has("gui_win32") && !exists("b:browsefilter")
+if (has("gui_win32") || has("gui_gtk")) && !exists("b:browsefilter")
   let b:browsefilter = "R Source Files (*.R *.Rnw *.Rd *.Rmd *.Rrst)\t*.R;*.Rnw;*.Rd;*.Rmd;*.Rrst\n" .
         \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
 endif
diff --git a/runtime/ftplugin/rrst.vim b/runtime/ftplugin/rrst.vim
index 3e82847d35..a56fd6478e 100644
--- a/runtime/ftplugin/rrst.vim
+++ b/runtime/ftplugin/rrst.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language: reStructuredText documentation format with R code
 " Maintainer: Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Wed Nov 01, 2017  10:47PM
+" Last Change:	Sat Aug 15, 2020  12:02PM
 " Original work by Alex Zvoleff
 
 " Only do this when not yet done for this buffer
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ if !exists("g:rrst_dynamic_comments") || (exists("g:rrst_dynamic_comments") && g
   setlocal formatexpr=FormatRrst()
 endif
 
-if has("gui_win32") && !exists("b:browsefilter")
+if (has("gui_win32") || has("gui_gtk")) && !exists("b:browsefilter")
   let b:browsefilter = "R Source Files (*.R *.Rnw *.Rd *.Rmd *.Rrst)\t*.R;*.Rnw;*.Rd;*.Rmd;*.Rrst\n" .
         \ "All Files (*.*)\t*.*\n"
 endif
diff --git a/runtime/indent/perl6.vim b/runtime/indent/raku.vim
index 51c7923182..3f9b49ec77 100644
--- a/runtime/indent/perl6.vim
+++ b/runtime/indent/raku.vim
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ let b:did_indent = 1
 " Is syntax highlighting active ?
 let b:indent_use_syntax = has("syntax")
 
-setlocal indentexpr=GetPerl6Indent()
+setlocal indentexpr=GetRakuIndent()
 
 " we reset it first because the Perl 5 indent file might have been loaded due
 " to a .pl/pm file extension, and indent files don't clean up afterwards
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ endif
 let s:cpo_save = &cpo
 set cpo-=C
 
-function! GetPerl6Indent()
+function! GetRakuIndent()
 
     " Get the line to be indented
     let cline = getline(v:lnum)
@@ -60,11 +60,6 @@ function! GetPerl6Indent()
         return 0
     endif
 
-    " Don't reindent coments on first column
-    if cline =~ '^#'
-        return 0
-    endif
-
     " Get current syntax item at the line's first char
     let csynid = ''
     if b:indent_use_syntax
@@ -72,7 +67,7 @@ function! GetPerl6Indent()
     endif
 
     " Don't reindent POD and heredocs
-    if csynid =~ "^p6Pod"
+    if csynid =~ "^rakuPod"
         return indent(v:lnum)
     endif
 
@@ -92,7 +87,7 @@ function! GetPerl6Indent()
         let skippin = 2
         while skippin
             let synid = synIDattr(synID(lnum,1,0),"name")
-            if (synid =~ "^p6Pod" || synid =~ "p6Comment")
+            if (synid =~ "^rakuPod" || synid =~ "rakuComment")
                 let lnum = prevnonblank(lnum - 1)
                 if lnum == 0
                     return 0
@@ -107,19 +102,19 @@ function! GetPerl6Indent()
     endif
 
         if line =~ '[<«\[{(]\s*\(#[^)}\]»>]*\)\=$'
-            let ind = ind + shiftwidth()
+            let ind = ind + &sw
         endif
         if cline =~ '^\s*[)}\]»>]'
-            let ind = ind - shiftwidth()
+            let ind = ind - &sw
         endif
 
     " Indent lines that begin with 'or' or 'and'
     if cline =~ '^\s*\(or\|and\)\>'
         if line !~ '^\s*\(or\|and\)\>'
-            let ind = ind + shiftwidth()
+            let ind = ind + &sw
         endif
     elseif line =~ '^\s*\(or\|and\)\>'
-        let ind = ind - shiftwidth()
+        let ind = ind - &sw
     endif
 
     return ind
diff --git a/runtime/indent/rmd.vim b/runtime/indent/rmd.vim
index 83fe4e4fed..8fd57257fa 100644
--- a/runtime/indent/rmd.vim
+++ b/runtime/indent/rmd.vim
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 " Language:	Rmd
 " Author:	Jakson Alves de Aquino <jalvesaq@gmail.com>
 " Homepage:     https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	Sun Aug 19, 2018  09:14PM
+" Last Change:	Sun Mar 28, 2021  08:05PM
 
 
 " Only load this indent file when no other was loaded.
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ runtime indent/r.vim
 let s:RIndent = function(substitute(&indentexpr, "()", "", ""))
 let b:did_indent = 1
 
-setlocal indentkeys=0{,0},:,!^F,o,O,e
+setlocal indentkeys=0{,0},<:>,!^F,o,O,e
 setlocal indentexpr=GetRmdIndent()
 
 if exists("*GetRmdIndent")
@@ -23,6 +23,21 @@ endif
 let s:cpo_save = &cpo
 set cpo&vim
 
+" Simple Python indentation algorithm
+function s:GetPyIndent()
+  let plnum = prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)
+  let pline = getline(plnum)
+  let cline = getline(v:lnum)
+  if pline =~ '^s```\s*{\s*python '
+    return 0
+  elseif pline =~ ':$'
+    return indent(plnum) + &shiftwidth
+  elseif cline =~ 'else:$'
+    return indent(plnum) - &shiftwidth
+  endif
+  return indent(plnum)
+endfunction
+
 function s:GetMdIndent()
   let pline = getline(v:lnum - 1)
   let cline = getline(v:lnum)
@@ -37,13 +52,14 @@ function s:GetMdIndent()
 endfunction
 
 function s:GetYamlIndent()
-  let pline = getline(v:lnum - 1)
+  let plnum = prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1)
+  let pline = getline(plnum)
   if pline =~ ':\s*$'
-    return indent(v:lnum) + shiftwidth()
+    return indent(plnum) + shiftwidth()
   elseif pline =~ '^\s*- '
     return indent(v:lnum) + 2
   endif
-  return indent(prevnonblank(v:lnum - 1))
+  return indent(plnum)
 endfunction
 
 function GetRmdIndent()
@@ -52,9 +68,11 @@ function GetRmdIndent()
   endif
   if search('^[ \t]*```{r', "bncW") > search('^[ \t]*```$', "bncW")
     return s:RIndent()
-  elseif v:lnum > 1 && search('^---$', "bnW") == 1 &&
-        \ (search('^---$', "nW") > v:lnum || search('^...$', "nW") > v:lnum)
+  elseif v:lnum > 1 && (search('^---$', "bnW") == 1 &&
+        \ (search('^---$', "nW") > v:lnum || search('^\.\.\.$', "nW") > v:lnum))
     return s:GetYamlIndent()
+  elseif search('^[ \t]*```{python', "bncW") > search('^[ \t]*```$', "bncW")
+    return s:GetPyIndent()
   else
     return s:GetMdIndent()
   endif
diff --git a/runtime/indent/vim.vim b/runtime/indent/vim.vim
index 3cebf299f1..ee3d39490d 100644
--- a/runtime/indent/vim.vim
+++ b/runtime/indent/vim.vim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 " Vim indent file
 " Language:	Vim script
 " Maintainer:	Bram Moolenaar <Bram@vim.org>
-" Last Change:	2021 Feb 18
+" Last Change:	2021 Apr 18
 
 " Only load this indent file when no other was loaded.
 if exists("b:did_indent")
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@ function GetVimIndentIntern()
       " End of heredoc: use indent of matching start line
       let lnum = v:lnum - 1
       while lnum > 0
-	if synIDattr(synID(lnum, 1, 1), "name") !~ 'vimLetHereDoc'
+	let attr = synIDattr(synID(lnum, 1, 1), "name")
+	if attr != '' && attr !~ 'vimLetHereDoc'
 	  return indent(lnum)
 	endif
 	let lnum -= 1
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/perl6.vim b/runtime/syntax/perl6.vim
deleted file mode 100644
index 62ddc456e2..0000000000
--- a/runtime/syntax/perl6.vim
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2242 +0,0 @@
-" Vim syntax file
-" Language:      Perl 6
-" Maintainer:    vim-perl <vim-perl@googlegroups.com>
-" Homepage:      https://github.com/vim-perl/vim-perl/tree/master
-" Bugs/requests: https://github.com/vim-perl/vim-perl/issues
-" Last Change:   2020 Apr 15
-
-" Contributors:  Luke Palmer <fibonaci@babylonia.flatirons.org>
-"                Moritz Lenz <moritz@faui2k3.org>
-"                Hinrik Örn Sigurðsson <hinrik.sig@gmail.com>
-"
-" This is a big undertaking. Perl 6 is the sort of language that only Perl
-" can parse. But I'll do my best to get vim to.
-"
-" You can associate the extension ".pl" with the filetype "perl6" by setting
-"     autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.pl setf perl6
-" in your ~/.vimrc. But that will infringe on Perl 5, so you might want to
-" put a modeline near the beginning or end of your Perl 6 files instead:
-"     # vim: filetype=perl6
-
-" TODO:
-"   * Deal with s:Perl5//
-"   * m:s// is a match, not a substitution
-"   * Make these highlight as strings, not operators:
-"       <==> <=:=> <===> <=~> <« »> «>» «<»
-"   * Allow more keywords to match as function calls(leave() is export(), etc)
-"   * Optimization: use nextgroup instead of lookaround (:help syn-nextgroup)
-"   * Fix s''' substitutions being matched as package names
-"   * Match s/// and m/// better, so things like "$s/" won't match
-"   * Add more support for folding (:help syn-fold)
-"   * Add more syntax syncing hooks (:help syn-sync)
-"   * Q//:
-"       :to, :heredoc
-"       interpolate \q:s{$scalar} (though the spec isn't very clear on it)
-"
-" Impossible TODO?:
-"   * Unspace
-"   * Unicode bracketing characters for quoting (there are so many)
-"   * Various tricks depending on context. I.e. we can't know when Perl
-"     expects «*» to be a string or a hyperoperator. The latter is presumably
-"     more common, so that's what we assume.
-"   * Selective highlighting of Pod formatting codes with the :allow option
-"   * Arbitrary number, order, and negation of adverbs to Q//, q//, qq//.
-"     Currently only the first adverb is considered significant. Anything
-"     more would require an exponential amount of regexes, making this
-"     already slow syntax file even slower.
-"
-" If you want to have Pir code inside Q:PIR// strings highlighted, do:
-"  let perl6_embedded_pir=1
-"
-" The above requires pir.vim, which you can find in Parrot's repository:
-" https://svn.parrot.org/parrot/trunk/editor/
-"
-" Some less than crucial things have been made optional to speed things up.
-" Look at the comments near the if/else branches in this file to see exactly
-" which features are affected. "perl6_extended_all" enables everything.
-"
-" The defaults are:
-"
-"  unlet perl6_extended_comments
-"  unlet perl6_extended_q
-"  unlet perl6_extended_all
-
-" quit when a syntax file was already loaded
-if exists("b:current_syntax")
-    finish
-endif
-let s:keepcpo= &cpo
-set cpo&vim
-
-" identifiers
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
-
-" This is used in the for loops below
-" Don't use the "syn keyword" construct because that always has higher
-" priority than matches/regions, so the words can't be autoquoted with
-" the "=>" and "p5=>" operators. All the lookaround stuff is to make sure
-" we don't match them as part of some other identifier.
-let s:before_keyword = " display \"\\%(\\k\\|\\K\\@<=[-']\\)\\@<!\\%("
-let s:after_keyword = "\\)\\%(\\k\\|[-']\\K\\@=\\)\\@!\""
-
-" Billions of keywords
-let s:keywords = {
- \ "p6Attention": [
- \   "ACHTUNG ATTN ATTENTION FIXME NB TODO TBD WTF XXX NOTE",
- \ ],
- \ "p6DeclareRoutine": [
- \   "macro sub submethod method multi proto only rule token regex category",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Module": [
- \   "module class role package enum grammar slang subset",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Variable": [
- \   "self",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Include": [
- \   "use require",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Conditional": [
- \   "if else elsif unless",
- \ ],
- \ "p6VarStorage": [
- \   "let my our state temp has constant",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Repeat": [
- \   "for loop repeat while until gather given",
- \ ],
- \ "p6FlowControl": [
- \   "take do when next last redo return contend maybe defer",
- \   "default exit make continue break goto leave async lift",
- \ ],
- \ "p6TypeConstraint": [
- \   "is as but trusts of returns handles where augment supersede",
- \ ],
- \ "p6ClosureTrait": [
- \   "BEGIN CHECK INIT START FIRST ENTER LEAVE KEEP",
- \   "UNDO NEXT LAST PRE POST END CATCH CONTROL TEMP",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Exception": [
- \   "die fail try warn",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Property": [
- \   "prec irs ofs ors export deep binary unary reparsed rw parsed cached",
- \   "readonly defequiv will ref copy inline tighter looser equiv assoc",
- \   "required",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Number": [
- \   "NaN Inf",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Pragma": [
- \   "oo fatal",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Type": [
- \   "Object Any Junction Whatever Capture Match",
- \   "Signature Proxy Matcher Package Module Class",
- \   "Grammar Scalar Array Hash KeyHash KeySet KeyBag",
- \   "Pair List Seq Range Set Bag Mapping Void Undef",
- \   "Failure Exception Code Block Routine Sub Macro",
- \   "Method Submethod Regex Str Blob Char Byte",
- \   "Codepoint Grapheme StrPos StrLen Version Num",
- \   "Complex num complex Bit bit bool True False",
- \   "Increasing Decreasing Ordered Callable AnyChar",
- \   "Positional Associative Ordering KeyExtractor",
- \   "Comparator OrderingPair IO KitchenSink Role",
- \   "Int int int1 int2 int4 int8 int16 int32 int64",
- \   "Rat rat rat1 rat2 rat4 rat8 rat16 rat32 rat64",
- \   "Buf buf buf1 buf2 buf4 buf8 buf16 buf32 buf64",
- \   "UInt uint uint1 uint2 uint4 uint8 uint16 uint32",
- \   "uint64 Abstraction utf8 utf16 utf32",
- \ ],
- \ "p6Operator": [
- \   "div x xx mod also leg cmp before after eq ne le lt",
- \   "gt ge eqv ff fff and andthen Z X or xor",
- \   "orelse extra m mm rx s tr",
- \ ],
-\ }
-
-for [group, words] in items(s:keywords)
-    let s:words_space = join(words, " ")
-    let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
-    let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
-    exec "syn match ". group ." ". s:before_keyword . s:words . s:after_keyword
-endfor
-unlet s:keywords s:words_space s:temp s:words
-
-" More operators
-" Don't put a "\+" at the end of the character class. That makes it so
-" greedy that the "%" " in "+%foo" won't be allowed to match as a sigil,
-" among other things
-syn match p6Operator display "[-+/*~?|=^!%&,<>.;\\]"
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(:\@<!::\@!\|::=\|\.::\)"
-" these require whitespace on the left side
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(\s\|^\)\@<=\%(xx=\|p5=>\)"
-" "i" requires a digit to the left, and no keyword char to the right
-syn match p6Operator display "\d\@<=i\k\@!"
-" index overloading
-syn match p6Operator display "\%(&\.(\@=\|@\.\[\@=\|%\.{\@=\)"
-
-" all infix operators except nonassocative ones
-let s:infix_a = [
-    \ "div % mod +& +< +> \\~& ?& \\~< \\~> +| +\\^ \\~| \\~\\^ ?| ?\\^ xx x",
-    \ "\\~ && & also <== ==> <<== ==>> == != < <= > >= \\~\\~ eq ne lt le gt",
-    \ "ge =:= === eqv before after \\^\\^ min max \\^ff ff\\^ \\^ff\\^",
-    \ "\\^fff fff\\^ \\^fff\\^ fff ff ::= := \\.= => , : p5=> Z minmax",
-    \ "\\.\\.\\. and andthen or orelse xor \\^ += -= /= \\*= \\~= //= ||=",
-    \ "+ - \\*\\* \\* // / \\~ || |",
-\ ]
-" nonassociative infix operators
-let s:infix_n = "but does <=> leg cmp \\.\\. \\.\\.\\^\\^ \\^\\.\\. \\^\\.\\.\\^"
-
-let s:infix_a_long = join(s:infix_a, " ")
-let s:infix_a_words = split(s:infix_a_long)
-let s:infix_a_pattern = join(s:infix_a_words, "\\|")
-
-let s:infix_n_words = split(s:infix_n)
-let s:infix_n_pattern = join(s:infix_n_words, "\\|")
-
-let s:both = [s:infix_a_pattern, s:infix_n_pattern]
-let s:infix = join(s:both, "\\|")
-
-let s:infix_assoc = "!\\?\\%(" . s:infix_a_pattern . "\\)"
-let s:infix = "!\\?\\%(" . s:infix . "\\)"
-
-unlet s:infix_a s:infix_a_long s:infix_a_words s:infix_a_pattern
-unlet s:infix_n s:infix_n_pattern s:both
-
-" [+] reduce
-exec "syn match p6ReduceOp display \"\\k\\@<!\\[[R\\\\]\\?!\\?". s:infix_assoc ."]\\%(«\\|<<\\)\\?\""
-unlet s:infix_assoc
-
-" Reverse and cross operators (Rop, Xop)
-exec "syn match p6ReverseCrossOp display \"[RX]". s:infix ."\""
-
-" q() or whatever() is always a function call
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*(\@="
-
-" basically all builtins that can be followed by parentheses
-let s:routines = [
- \ "eager hyper substr index rindex grep map sort join lines hints chmod",
- \ "split reduce min max reverse truncate zip cat roundrobin classify",
- \ "first sum keys values pairs defined delete exists elems end kv any",
- \ "all one wrap shape key value name pop push shift splice unshift floor",
- \ "ceiling abs exp log log10 rand sign sqrt sin cos tan round strand",
- \ "roots cis unpolar polar atan2 pick chop p5chop chomp p5chomp lc",
- \ "lcfirst uc ucfirst capitalize normalize pack unpack quotemeta comb",
- \ "samecase sameaccent chars nfd nfc nfkd nfkc printf sprintf caller",
- \ "evalfile run runinstead nothing want bless chr ord gmtime time eof",
- \ "localtime gethost getpw chroot getlogin getpeername kill fork wait",
- \ "perl graphs codes bytes clone print open read write readline say seek",
- \ "close opendir readdir slurp pos fmt vec link unlink symlink uniq pair",
- \ "asin atan sec cosec cotan asec acosec acotan sinh cosh tanh asinh",
- \ "acos acosh atanh sech cosech cotanh sech acosech acotanh asech ok",
- \ "plan_ok dies_ok lives_ok skip todo pass flunk force_todo use_ok isa_ok",
- \ "diag is_deeply isnt like skip_rest unlike cmp_ok eval_dies_ok nok_error",
- \ "eval_lives_ok approx is_approx throws_ok version_lt plan eval succ pred",
- \ "times nonce once signature new connect operator undef undefine sleep",
- \ "from to infix postfix prefix circumfix postcircumfix minmax lazy count",
- \ "unwrap getc pi e context void quasi body each contains rewinddir subst",
- \ "can isa flush arity assuming rewind callwith callsame nextwith nextsame",
- \ "attr eval_elsewhere none srand trim trim_start trim_end lastcall WHAT",
- \ "WHERE HOW WHICH VAR WHO WHENCE ACCEPTS REJECTS does not true iterator by",
- \ "re im invert flip",
-\ ]
-
-" we want to highlight builtins like split() though, so this comes afterwards
-" TODO: check if this would be faster as one big regex
-let s:words_space = join(s:routines, " ")
-let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
-let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
-exec "syn match p6Routine ". s:before_keyword . s:words . s:after_keyword
-unlet s:before_keyword s:after_keyword s:words_space s:temp s:words s:routines
-
-" packages, must come after all the keywords
-syn match p6Normal display "\%(::\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
-syn match p6Normal display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(::\)\@="
-
-" some standard packages
-syn match p6Type display "\%(::\|\k\|\K\@<=[-']\)\@<!\%(Order\%(::Same\|::Increase\|::Decrease\)\?\)\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\@!"
-syn match p6Type display "\%(::\|\k\|\K\@<=[-']\)\@<!\%(Bool\%(::True\|::False\)\?\)\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\@!"
-
-
-syn match p6Shebang    display "\%^#!.*"
-syn match p6BlockLabel display "\%(^\s*\)\@<=\h\w*\s*::\@!\_s\@="
-syn match p6Number     display "\k\@<!_\@!\%(\d\|__\@!\)\+_\@<!\%([eE]_\@!+\?\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?_\@<!"
-syn match p6Float      display "\k\@<!_\@!\%(\d\|__\@!\)\+_\@<![eE]_\@!-\%(\d\|_\)\+"
-syn match p6Float      display "\k\@<!_\@<!\%(\d\|__\@!\)*_\@<!\.\@<!\._\@!\.\@!\a\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+_\@<!\%([eE]_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?"
-
-syn match p6NumberBase display "[obxd]" contained
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(o[0-7][0-7_]*\)\@="     nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(b[01][01_]*\)\@="       nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(x\x[[:xdigit:]_]*\)\@=" nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\<0\%(d\d[[:digit:]_]*\)\@="  nextgroup=p6NumberBase
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0o\)\@<=[0-7][0-7_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0b\)\@<=[01][01_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0x\)\@<=\x[[:xdigit:]_]*"
-syn match p6Number     display "\%(\<0d\)\@<=\d[[:digit:]_]*"
-
-syn match p6Version    display "\<v\d\@=" nextgroup=p6VersionNum
-syn match p6VersionNum display "\d\+" nextgroup=p6VersionDot contained
-syn match p6VersionDot display "\.\%(\d\|\*\)\@=" nextgroup=p6VersionNum contained
-
-" try to distinguish the "is" function from the "is" trail auxiliary
-syn match p6Routine     display "\%(\%(\S\k\@<!\|^\)\s*\)\@<=is\>"
-
-" does is a type constraint sometimes
-syn match p6TypeConstraint display "does\%(\s*\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)\)\@="
-
-" int is a type sometimes
-syn match p6Type        display "\<int\>\%(\s*(\|\s\+\d\)\@!"
-
-" these Routine names are also Properties, if preceded by "is"
-syn match p6Property    display "\%(is\s\+\)\@<=\%(signature\|context\|also\|shape\)"
-
-" The sigil in ::*Package
-syn match p6PackageTwigil display "\%(::\)\@<=\*"
-
-" $<match>
-syn region p6MatchVarSigil
-    \ matchgroup=p6Variable
-    \ start="\$\%(<<\@!\)\@="
-    \ end=">\@<="
-    \ contains=p6MatchVar
-
-syn region p6MatchVar
-    \ matchgroup=p6Twigil
-    \ start="<"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-
-" Contextualizers
-syn match p6Context display "\<\%(item\|list\|slice\|hash\)\>"
-syn match p6Context display "\%(\$\|@\|%\|&\|@@\)(\@="
-
-" the "$" placeholder in "$var1, $, var2 = @list"
-syn match p6Placeholder display "\%(,\s*\)\@<=\$\%(\K\|\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\)\@!"
-syn match p6Placeholder display "\$\%(\K\|\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\)\@!\%(,\s*\)\@="
-
-" Quoting
-
-" one cluster for every quote adverb
-syn cluster p6Interp_s
-    \ add=p6InterpScalar
-syn cluster p6Interp_scalar
-    \ add=p6InterpScalar
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_a
-    \ add=p6InterpArray
-syn cluster p6Interp_array
-    \ add=p6InterpArray
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_h
-    \ add=p6InterpHash
-syn cluster p6Interp_hash
-    \ add=p6InterpHash
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_f
-    \ add=p6InterpFunction
-syn cluster p6Interp_f
-    \ add=p6InterpFunction
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_c
-    \ add=p6InterpClosure
-syn cluster p6Interp_closure
-    \ add=p6InterpClosure
-
-
-if exists("perl6_extended_q") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    syn cluster p6Interp_ww
-        \ add=p6StringSQ
-        \ add=p6StringDQ
-    syn cluster p6Interp_quotewords
-        \ add=p6StringSQ
-        \ add=p6StringDQ
-endif
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_q
-    \ add=p6EscQQ
-    \ add=p6EscBackSlash
-syn cluster p6Interp_single
-    \ add=p6EscQQ
-    \ add=p6EscBackSlash
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_b
-    \ add=@p6Interp_q
-    \ add=p6Escape
-    \ add=p6EscOpenCurly
-    \ add=p6EscCodePoint
-    \ add=p6EscHex
-    \ add=p6EscOct
-    \ add=p6EscOctOld
-    \ add=p6EscNull
-syn cluster p6Interp_backslash
-    \ add=@p6Interp_q
-    \ add=p6Escape
-    \ add=p6EscOpenCurly
-    \ add=p6EscCodePoint
-    \ add=p6EscHex
-    \ add=p6EscOct
-    \ add=p6EscOctOld
-    \ add=p6EscNull
-
-syn cluster p6Interp_qq
-    \ add=@p6Interp_scalar
-    \ add=@p6Interp_array
-    \ add=@p6Interp_hash
-    \ add=@p6Interp_function
-    \ add=@p6Interp_closure
-    \ add=@p6Interp_backslash
-syn cluster p6Interp_double
-    \ add=@p6Interp_scalar
-    \ add=@p6Interp_array
-    \ add=@p6Interp_hash
-    \ add=@p6Interp_function
-    \ add=@p6Interp_closure
-    \ add=@p6Interp_backslash
-
-syn region p6InterpScalar
-    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
-    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\)\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6InterpScalar
-    \ matchgroup=p6Context
-    \ start="\$\ze()\@!"
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-
-syn region p6InterpArray
-    \ start="\ze\z(@\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6InterpArray
-    \ matchgroup=p6Context
-    \ start="@\ze()\@!"
-    \ start="@@\ze()\@!"
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-
-syn region p6InterpHash
-    \ start="\ze\z(%\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6InterpHash
-    \ matchgroup=p6Context
-    \ start="%\ze()\@!"
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-
-syn region p6InterpFunction
-    \ start="\ze\z(&\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=\)\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(\.\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6InterpFunction
-    \ matchgroup=p6Context
-    \ start="&\ze()\@!"
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-
-syn region p6InterpClosure
-    \ start="\\\@<!{}\@!"
-    \ skip="{[^}]*}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-" generic escape
-syn match p6Escape          display "\\\S" contained
-
-" escaped closing delimiters
-syn match p6EscQuote        display "\\'" contained
-syn match p6EscDoubleQuote  display "\\\"" contained
-syn match p6EscCloseAngle   display "\\>" contained
-syn match p6EscCloseFrench  display "\\»" contained
-syn match p6EscBackTick     display "\\`" contained
-syn match p6EscForwardSlash display "\\/" contained
-syn match p6EscVerticalBar  display "\\|" contained
-syn match p6EscExclamation  display "\\!" contained
-syn match p6EscComma        display "\\," contained
-syn match p6EscDollar       display "\\\$" contained
-syn match p6EscCloseCurly   display "\\}" contained
-syn match p6EscCloseBracket display "\\\]" contained
-
-" misc escapes
-syn match p6EscOctOld    display "\\\d\{1,3}" contained
-syn match p6EscNull      display "\\0\d\@!" contained
-syn match p6EscCodePoint display "\%(\\c\)\@<=\%(\d\|\S\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6CodePoint
-syn match p6EscHex       display "\%(\\x\)\@<=\%(\x\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6HexSequence
-syn match p6EscOct       display "\%(\\o\)\@<=\%(\o\|\[\)\@=" contained nextgroup=p6OctSequence
-syn match p6EscQQ        display "\\qq" contained nextgroup=p6QQSequence
-syn match p6EscOpenCurly display "\\{" contained
-syn match p6EscHash      display "\\#" contained
-syn match p6EscBackSlash display "\\\\" contained
-
-syn region p6QQSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-    \ transparent
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-syn match p6CodePoint   display "\%(\d\+\|\S\)" contained
-syn region p6CodePoint
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
-syn match p6HexSequence display "\x\+" contained
-syn region p6HexSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
-syn match p6OctSequence display "\o\+" contained
-syn region p6OctSequence
-    \ matchgroup=p6Escape
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-
-" matches :key, :!key, :$var, :key<var>, etc
-" Since we don't know in advance how the adverb ends, we use a trick.
-" Consume nothing with the start pattern (\ze at the beginning),
-" while capturing the whole adverb into \z1 and then putting it before
-" the match start (\zs) of the end pattern.
-syn region p6Adverb
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)"
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?[@$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\$\@<=\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\)\|\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\)\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-
-" <words>
-" FIXME: not sure how to distinguish this from the "less than" operator
-" in all cases. For now, it matches if any of the following is true:
-"
-" * There is whitespace missing on either side of the "<", since
-"   people tend to put spaces around "less than"
-" * It comes after "enum", "for", "any", "all", or "none"
-" * It's the first or last thing on a line (ignoring whitespace)
-" * It's preceded by "= "
-"
-" It never matches when:
-"
-" * Preceded by [<+~=] (e.g. <<foo>>, =<$foo>)
-" * Followed by [-=] (e.g. <--, <=, <==)
-syn region p6StringAngle
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\<\%(enum\|for\|any\|all\|none\)\>\s*(\?\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="\%(\s\|[<+~=]\)\@<!<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="[<+~=]\@<!<\%(\s\|<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="\%(^\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ start="[<+~=]\@<!<\%(\s*$\)\@="
-    \ start="\%(=\s\+\)\@=<\%(<\|=>\|[-=]\{1,2}>\@!\)\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=p6InnerAnglesOne,p6EscBackSlash,p6EscCloseAngle
-
-syn region p6InnerAnglesOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringAngle
-    \ start="<"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6InnerAnglesOne
-
-" <<words>>
-syn region p6StringAngles
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="<<=\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contains=p6InnerAnglesTwo,@p6Interp_qq,p6Comment,p6EscHash,p6EscCloseAngle,p6Adverb,p6StringSQ,p6StringDQ
-
-syn region p6InnerAnglesTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringAngles
-    \ start="<<"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6InnerAnglesTwo
-
-" «words»
-syn region p6StringFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="«"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=p6InnerFrench,@p6Interp_qq,p6Comment,p6EscHash,p6EscCloseFrench,p6Adverb,p6StringSQ,p6StringDQ
-
-syn region p6InnerFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringFrench
-    \ start="«"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6InnerFrench
-
-" 'string'
-syn region p6StringSQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="'"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\'"
-    \ end="'"
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_q,p6EscQuote
-
-" "string"
-syn region p6StringDQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start=+"+
-    \ skip=+\\\@<!\\"+
-    \ end=+"+
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq,p6EscDoubleQuote
-
-" Q// and friends.
-
-syn match p6QuoteQ display "\%([Qq]\%(ww\|to\|[qwxsahfcb]\)\?\)\>" nextgroup=p6QPairs skipwhite skipempty
-syn match p6QPairs contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=p6StringQ,p6StringQ_PIR "\%(\_s*:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)*"
-
-if exists("perl6_embedded_pir")
-    syn include @p6PIR syntax/pir.vim
-endif
-
-" hardcoded set of delimiters
-let s:delims = [
-  \ ["\\\"",         "\\\"", "p6EscDoubleQuote",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\\\\""],
-  \ ["'",            "'",    "p6EscQuote",        "\\\\\\@<!\\\\'"],
-  \ ["/",            "/",    "p6EscForwardSlash", "\\\\\\@<!\\\\/"],
-  \ ["`",            "`",    "p6EscBackTick",     "\\\\\\@<!\\\\`"],
-  \ ["|",            "|",    "p6EscVerticalBar",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\|"],
-  \ ["!",            "!",    "p6EscExclamation",  "\\\\\\@<!\\\\!"],
-  \ [",",            ",",    "p6EscComma",        "\\\\\\@<!\\\\,"],
-  \ ["\\$",          "\\$",  "p6EscDollar",       "\\\\\\@<!\\\\\\$"],
-  \ ["{",            "}",    "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}\\|{[^}]*}\\)"],
-  \ ["<",            ">",    "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>\\|<[^>]*>\\)"],
-  \ ["«",            "»",    "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»\\|«[^»]*»\\)"],
-  \ ["\\\[",         "]",    "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]\\|\\[^\\]]*]\\)"],
-  \ ["\\s\\@<=(",    ")",    "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\)\\|([^)]*)\\)"],
-\ ]
-
-" double and triple delimiters too
-if exists("perl6_extended_q") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    call add(s:delims, ["««",           "»»",  "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»»\\|««\\%([^»]\\|»»\\@!\\)*»»\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["«««",          "»»»", "p6EscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\»»»\\|«««\\%([^»]\\|»\\%(»»\\)\\@!\\)*»»»\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["{{",           "}}",  "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}}\\|{{\\%([^}]\\|}}\\@!\\)*}}\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["{{{",          "}}}", "p6EscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\}}}\\|{{{\\%([^}]\\|}\\%(}}\\)\\@!\\)*}}}\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\\[\\\[",     "]]",  "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]]\\|\\[\\[\\%([^\\]]\\|]]\\@!\\)*]]\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\\[\\\[\\\[", "]]]", "p6EscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\]]]\\|\\[\\[\\[\\%([^\\]]\\|]\\%(]]\\)\\@!\\)*]]]\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=((",   "))",  "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\))\\|((\\%([^)]\\|))\\@!\\)*))\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=(((",  ")))", "p6EscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\)))\\|(((\\%([^)]\\|)\\%())\\)\\@!\\)*)))\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=<<",   ">>",  "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>>\\|<<\\%([^>]\\|>>\\@!\\)*>>\\)"])
-    call add(s:delims, ["\\s\\@<=<<<",  ">>>", "p6EscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@<!\\\\>>>\\|<<<\\%([^>]\\|>\\%(>>\\)\\@!\\)*>>>\\)"])
-endif
-
-if !exists("perl6_extended_q") && !exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    " simple version, no special highlighting within the string
-    for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-        exec "syn region p6StringQ matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=".end_group." contained"
-    endfor
-
-    if exists("perl6_embedded_pir")
-        " highlight embedded PIR code
-        for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-            exec "syn region p6StringQ_PIR matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"\\%(Q\\s*:PIR\\s*\\)\\@<=".start_delim."\" skip=\"".skip."\" end=\"".end_delim."\" contains=@p6PIR,".end_group." contained"
-        endfor
-    endif
-else
-    let s:before = "syn region p6StringQ matchgroup=p6Quote start=\"\\%("
-    let s:after  = "\\%(\\_s*:!\\?\\K\\%(\\k\\|[-']\\K\\@=\\)*\\%(([^)]*)\\|\\[[^\\]]*]\\|<[^>]*>\\|«[^»]*»\\|{[^}]*}\\)\\?\\)*\\_s*\\)\\@<="
-
-    let s:adverbs = [
-        \ ["s", "scalar"],
-        \ ["a", "array"],
-        \ ["h", "hash"],
-        \ ["f", "function"],
-        \ ["c", "closure"],
-        \ ["b", "backslash"],
-        \ ["w", "words"],
-        \ ["ww", "quotewords"],
-        \ ["x", "exec"],
-    \ ]
-
-    " these can't be conjoined with q and qq (e.g. as qqq and qqqq)
-    let s:q_adverbs = [
-        \ ["q", "single"],
-        \ ["qq", "double"],
-    \ ]
-
-    for [start_delim, end_delim, end_group, skip] in s:delims
-        " Q, q, and qq with any number of (ignored) adverbs
-        exec s:before ."Q". s:after .start_delim."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\""." contained"
-        exec s:before ."q". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q"." contained"
-        exec s:before ."qq". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq"." contained"
-
-        for [short, long] in s:adverbs
-            " Qs, qs, qqs, Qa, qa, qqa, etc, with ignored adverbs
-            exec s:before ."Q".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."q".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."qq".short. s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-
-            " Q, q, and qq, with one significant adverb
-            exec s:before ."Q\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            for [q_short, q_long] in s:q_adverbs
-                exec s:before ."Q\\s*:\\%(".q_short."\\|".q_long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".q_long." contained"
-            endfor
-            exec s:before ."q\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-            exec s:before ."qq\\s*:\\%(".short."\\|".long."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long." contained"
-
-            for [short2, long2] in s:adverbs
-                " Qs, qs, qqs, Qa, qa, qqa, etc, with one significant adverb
-                exec s:before ."Q".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-                for [q_short2, q_long2] in s:q_adverbs
-                    exec s:before ."Q".short."\\s*:\\%(".q_short2."\\|".q_long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".q_long2." contained"
-                endfor
-                exec s:before ."q".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_q,@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-                exec s:before ."qq".short."\\s*:\\%(".short2."\\|".long2."\\)". s:after .start_delim ."\" skip=\"". skip ."\" end=\"". end_delim ."\" contains=". end_group .",@p6Interp_qq,@p6Interp_".long.",@p6Interp_".long2." contained"
-            endfor
-        endfor
-    endfor
-    unlet s:before s:after s:adverbs s:q_adverbs
-endif
-unlet s:delims
-
-" Match these so something else above can't. E.g. the "q" in "role q { }"
-" should not be considered a string
-syn match p6Normal display "\%(\<\%(role\|grammar\|slang\)\s\+\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*"
-
-" :key
-syn match p6Operator display ":\@<!::\@!!\?" nextgroup=p6Key
-syn match p6Key display "\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" contained
-
-" => and p5=> autoquoting
-syn match p6StringP5Auto display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\s\+p5=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\%(p5\)\@<!=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\ze\s\+=>"
-syn match p6StringAuto   display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*p5\ze=>"
-
-" Hyperoperators. Needs to come after the quoting operators (<>, «», etc)
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"»"   .s:infix."»\\?\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"«\\?".s:infix."«\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"»"   .s:infix."«\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"«"   .s:infix. "»\""
-
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \">>"          .s:infix."\\%(>>\\)\\?\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"\\%(<<\\)\\?".s:infix."<<\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \">>"          .s:infix."<<\""
-exec "syn match p6HyperOp display \"<<"          .s:infix.">>\""
-unlet s:infix
-
-" Regexes and grammars
-
-syn match p6RegexName display "\%(\<\%(regex\|rule\|token\)\s\+\)\@<=\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" nextgroup=p6RegexBlockCrap skipwhite skipempty
-syn match p6RegexBlockCrap "[^{]*" nextgroup=p6RegexBlock skipwhite skipempty transparent contained
-
-syn region p6RegexBlock
-    \ matchgroup=p6Normal
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" Perl 6 regex bits
-
-syn cluster p6Regexen
-    \ add=p6RxMeta
-    \ add=p6RxEscape
-    \ add=p6EscHex
-    \ add=p6EscOct
-    \ add=p6EscNull
-    \ add=p6RxAnchor
-    \ add=p6RxCapture
-    \ add=p6RxGroup
-    \ add=p6RxAlternation
-    \ add=p6RxAdverb
-    \ add=p6RxAdverbArg
-    \ add=p6RxStorage
-    \ add=p6RxAssertion
-    \ add=p6RxQuoteWords
-    \ add=p6RxClosure
-    \ add=p6RxStringSQ
-    \ add=p6RxStringDQ
-    \ add=p6Comment
-
-syn match p6RxMeta        display contained ".\%(\k\|\s\)\@<!"
-syn match p6RxAnchor      display contained "[$^]"
-syn match p6RxEscape      display contained "\\\S"
-syn match p6RxCapture     display contained "[()]"
-syn match p6RxAlternation display contained "|"
-syn match p6RxRange       display contained "\.\."
-
-syn region p6RxClosure
-    \ matchgroup=p6Normal
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-    \ containedin=p6RxClosure
-    \ contains=TOP
-syn region p6RxGroup
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="\["
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-syn region p6RxAssertion
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="<"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables,p6RxCharClass,p6RxAssertCall
-syn region p6RxAssertCall
-    \ matchgroup=p6Normal
-    \ start="\%(::\|\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\)\@<=(\@="
-    \ end=")\@<="
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-syn region p6RxCharClass
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="\%(<[-!+?]\?\)\@<=\["
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6RxRange,p6RxEscape,p6EscHex,p6EscOct,p6EscNull
-syn region p6RxQuoteWords
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial2
-    \ start="< "
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-syn region p6RxAdverb
-    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)"
-    \ end="\z1\zs"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ keepend
-syn region p6RxAdverbArg
-    \ start="\%(:!\?\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\@<=("
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-syn region p6RxStorage
-    \ matchgroup=p6Operator
-    \ start="\%(^\s*\)\@<=:\%(my\>\|temp\>\)\@="
-    \ end="$"
-    \ contains=TOP
-    \ contained
-
-" Perl 5 regex bits
-
-syn cluster p6RegexP5Base
-    \ add=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ add=p6RxP5Oct
-    \ add=p6RxP5Hex
-    \ add=p6RxP5EscMeta
-    \ add=p6RxP5CodePoint
-    \ add=p6RxP5Prop
-
-" normal regex stuff
-syn cluster p6RegexP5
-    \ add=@p6RegexP5Base
-    \ add=p6RxP5Quantifier
-    \ add=p6RxP5Meta
-    \ add=p6RxP5QuoteMeta
-    \ add=p6RxP5ParenMod
-    \ add=p6RxP5Verb
-    \ add=p6RxP5Count
-    \ add=p6RxP5Named
-    \ add=p6RxP5ReadRef
-    \ add=p6RxP5WriteRef
-    \ add=p6RxP5CharClass
-    \ add=p6RxP5Anchor
-
-" inside character classes
-syn cluster p6RegexP5Class
-    \ add=@p6RegexP5Base
-    \ add=p6RxP5Posix
-    \ add=p6RxP5Range
-
-syn match p6RxP5Escape     display contained "\\\S"
-syn match p6RxP5CodePoint  display contained "\\c\S\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5CPId
-syn match p6RxP5CPId       display contained "\S"
-syn match p6RxP5Oct        display contained "\\\%(\o\{1,3}\)\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5OctSeq
-syn match p6RxP5OctSeq     display contained "\o\{1,3}"
-syn match p6RxP5Anchor     display contained "[\^$]"
-syn match p6RxP5Hex        display contained "\\x\%({\x\+}\|\x\{1,2}\)\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5HexSeq
-syn match p6RxP5HexSeq     display contained "\x\{1,2}"
-syn region p6RxP5HexSeq
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-syn region p6RxP5Named
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="\%(\\N\)\@<={"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Quantifier display contained "\%([+*]\|(\@<!?\)"
-syn match p6RxP5ReadRef    display contained "\\[1-9]\d\@!"
-syn match p6RxP5ReadRef    display contained "\\k<\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5ReadRefId
-syn region p6RxP5ReadRefId
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="<"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5WriteRef   display contained "\\g\%(\d\|{\)\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5WriteRefId
-syn match p6RxP5WriteRefId display contained "\d\+"
-syn region p6RxP5WriteRefId
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Prop       display contained "\\[pP]\%(\a\|{\)\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5PropId
-syn match p6RxP5PropId     display contained "\a"
-syn region p6RxP5PropId
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Meta       display contained "[(|).]"
-syn match p6RxP5ParenMod   display contained "(\@<=?\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5Mod,p6RxP5ModName,p6RxP5Code
-syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?\%(<\?=\|<\?!\|[#:|]\)"
-syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?-\?[impsx]\+"
-syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?\%([-+]\?\d\+\|R\)"
-syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?(DEFINE)"
-syn match p6RxP5Mod        display contained "?\%(&\|P[>=]\)" nextgroup=p6RxP5ModDef
-syn match p6RxP5ModDef     display contained "\h\w*"
-syn region p6RxP5ModName
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial
-    \ start="?'"
-    \ end="'"
-    \ contained
-syn region p6RxP5ModName
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial
-    \ start="?P\?<"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-syn region p6RxP5Code
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial
-    \ start="??\?{"
-    \ end="})\@="
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=TOP
-syn match p6RxP5EscMeta    display contained "\\[?*.{}()[\]|\^$]"
-syn match p6RxP5Count      display contained "\%({\d\+\%(,\%(\d\+\)\?\)\?}\)\@=" nextgroup=p6RxP5CountId
-syn region p6RxP5CountId
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="{"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Verb       display contained "(\@<=\*\%(\%(PRUNE\|SKIP\|THEN\)\%(:[^)]*\)\?\|\%(MARK\|\):[^)]*\|COMMIT\|F\%(AIL\)\?\|ACCEPT\)"
-syn region p6RxP5QuoteMeta
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="\\Q"
-    \ end="\\E"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Variables,p6EscBackSlash
-syn region p6RxP5CharClass
-    \ matchgroup=p6StringSpecial
-    \ start="\[\^\?"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5Class
-syn region p6RxP5Posix
-    \ matchgroup=p6RxP5Escape
-    \ start="\[:"
-    \ end=":]"
-    \ contained
-syn match p6RxP5Range      display contained "-"
-
-" 'string' inside a regex
-syn region p6RxStringSQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="'"
-    \ skip="\\\@<!\\'"
-    \ end="'"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6EscQuote,p6EscBackSlash
-
-" "string" inside a regex
-syn region p6RxStringDQ
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start=+"+
-    \ skip=+\\\@<!\\"+
-    \ end=+"+
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6EscDoubleQuote,p6EscBackSlash
-
-" $!, $var, $!var, $::var, $package::var $*::package::var, etc
-" Thus must come after the matches for the "$" regex anchor, but before
-" the match for the $ regex delimiter
-syn cluster p6Variables
-    \ add=p6VarSlash
-    \ add=p6VarExclam
-    \ add=p6VarMatch
-    \ add=p6VarNum
-    \ add=p6Variable
-
-syn match p6VarSlash     display "\$/"
-syn match p6VarExclam    display "\$!"
-syn match p6VarMatch     display "\$¢"
-syn match p6VarNum       display "\$\d\+"
-syn match p6Variable     display "\%(@@\|[@&$%]\$*\)\%(::\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\)\|\K\)\@=" nextgroup=p6Twigil,p6VarName,p6PackageScope
-syn match p6VarName      display "\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*" contained
-syn match p6Twigil       display "\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@<!::\@!\)\K\@=" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
-syn match p6PackageScope display "\%(\K\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\)\?::" nextgroup=p6PackageScope,p6VarName contained
-
-" Perl 6 regex regions
-
-" /foo/
-" Below some hacks to recognise the // variant. This is virtually impossible
-" to catch in all cases as the / is used in so many other ways, but these
-" should be the most obvious ones.
-" TODO: mostly stolen from perl.vim, might need more work
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\%(\<\%(split\|while\|until\|if\|unless\)\|\.\.\|[-+*!~(\[{=]\)\s*\)\@<=//\@!"
-    \ start="^//\@!"
-    \ start=+\s\@<=/[^[:space:][:digit:]$@%=]\@=\%(/\_s*\%([([{$@%&*[:digit:]"'`]\|\_s\w\|[[:upper:]_abd-fhjklnqrt-wyz]\)\)\@!/\@!+
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m/foo/, mm/foo/, rx/foo/
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=//\@!"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m!foo!, mm!foo!, rx!foo!
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=!!\@!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m$foo$, mm$foo$, rx$foo$, m|foo|, mm|foo|, rx|foo|, etc
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)\$\@!"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m (foo), mm (foo), rx (foo)
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s\+\)\@<=()\@!)\@!"
-    \ skip="\\)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m[foo], mm[foo], rx[foo]
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\[]\@!]\@!"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m{foo}, mm{foo}, rx{foo}
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<={}\@!}\@!"
-    \ skip="\\}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m<foo>, mm<foo>, rx<foo>
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=<>\@!>\@!"
-    \ skip="\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" m«foo», mm«foo», rx«foo»
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=«»\@!»\@!"
-    \ skip="\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" Substitutions
-
-" s/foo/bar/
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=/"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="/"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s!foo!bar!
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s$foo$bar$, s|foo|bar, etc
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-    \ nextgroup=p6Substitution
-
-syn region p6Substitution
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ contained
-    \ keepend
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" s{foo}
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
-    \ skip="\\}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s[foo]
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\[]\@!"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s<foo>
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
-    \ skip="\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s«foo»
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
-    \ skip="\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" s (foo)
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<s\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
-    \ skip="\\)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contains=@p6Regexen,@p6Variables
-
-" Perl 5 regex regions
-
-" m:P5//
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=/"
-    \ skip="\\/"
-    \ end="/"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variable,p6VarExclam,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m:P5!!
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=!"
-    \ skip="\\!"
-    \ end="!"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variable,p6VarSlash,p6VarMatch,p6VarNum
-
-" m:P5$$, m:P5||, etc
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
-
-" m:P5 ()
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
-    \ skip="\\)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
-
-" m:P5[]
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=[]\@!"
-    \ skip="\\]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,@p6Variables
-
-" m:P5{}
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
-    \ skip="\\}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
-
-" m:P5<>
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
-    \ skip="\\>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
-
-" m:P5«»
-syn region p6Match
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
-    \ skip="\\»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contains=@p6RegexP5,p6Variables
-
-" Transliteration
-
-" tr/foo/bar/, tr|foo|bar, etc
-syn region p6String
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@<!\<tr\%(\s*:!\?\k\%(\k\|[-']\K\@=\)*\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*\s*\)\@<=\z([/\"'`|!,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
-    \ contains=p6RxRange
-    \ nextgroup=p6Transliteration
-
-syn region p6Transliteration
-    \ matchgroup=p6Quote
-    \ start="\z([/\"'`|!,$]\)"
-    \ skip="\\\z1"
-    \ end="\z1"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6Interp_qq
-
-" Comments
-
-" normal end-of-line comment
-syn match p6Comment display "#.*" contains=p6Attention
-
-" Multiline comments. Arbitrary numbers of opening brackets are allowed,
-" but we only define regions for 1 to 3
-syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#("
-    \ skip="([^)]*)"
-    \ end=")"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#("
-    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#\["
-    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
-    \ end="]"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#\["
-    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#{"
-    \ skip="{[^}]*}"
-    \ end="}"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#{"
-    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#<"
-    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-syn region p6Comment
-    \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-    \ start="^\@<!#«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ matchgroup=p6Error
-    \ start="^#«"
-    \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-" double and triple delimiters
-if exists("perl6_extended_comments") || exists("perl6_extended_all")
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#(("
-        \ skip="((\%([^)\|))\@!]\)*))"
-        \ end="))"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#(("
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#((("
-        \ skip="(((\%([^)]\|)\%())\)\@!\)*)))"
-        \ end=")))"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#((("
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#\[\["
-        \ skip="\[\[\%([^\]]\|]]\@!\)*]]"
-        \ end="]]"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#\[\["
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#\[\[\["
-        \ skip="\[\[\[\%([^\]]\|]\%(]]\)\@!\)*]]]"
-        \ end="]]]"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#\[\[\["
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#{{"
-        \ skip="{{\%([^}]\|}}\@!\)*}}"
-        \ end="}}"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#{{"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#{{{"
-        \ skip="{{{\%([^}]\|}\%(}}\)\@!\)*}}}"
-        \ end="}}}"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#{{{"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#<<"
-        \ skip="<<\%([^>]\|>>\@!\)*>>"
-        \ end=">>"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#<<"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#<<<"
-        \ skip="<<<\%([^>]\|>\%(>>\)\@!\)*>>>"
-        \ end=">>>"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#<<<"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#««"
-        \ skip="««\%([^»]\|»»\@!\)*»»"
-        \ end="»»"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#««"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-    syn region p6Comment
-        \ matchgroup=p6Comment
-        \ start="^\@<!#«««"
-        \ skip="«««\%([^»]\|»\%(»»\)\@!\)*»»»"
-        \ end="»»»"
-        \ matchgroup=p6Error
-        \ start="^#«««"
-        \ contains=p6Attention,p6Comment
-endif
-
-" Pod
-
-" Abbreviated blocks (implicit code forbidden)
-syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\ze\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodAbbrNoCodeType
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrNoCodeType
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrNoCode
-
-syn match p6PodName contained ".\+" contains=@p6PodFormat
-syn match p6PodComment contained ".\+"
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrNoCode
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodFormat
-
-" Abbreviated blocks (everything is code)
-syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\zecode\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodAbbrCodeType
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrCodeType
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrCode
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrCode
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-
-" Abbreviated blocks (everything is a comment)
-syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\zecomment\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodAbbrCommentType
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrCommentType
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodComment,p6PodAbbrNoCode
-
-" Abbreviated blocks (implicit code allowed)
-syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\ze\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodAbbrType
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrType
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbr
-
-syn region p6PodAbbr
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-" Abbreviated block to end-of-file
-syn region p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\zeEND\>"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contains=p6PodAbbrEOFType
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrEOFType
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodName,p6PodAbbrEOF
-
-syn region p6PodAbbrEOF
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-" Directives
-syn region p6PodDirectRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=\%(config\|use\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodDirectArgRegion
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodDirectArgRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\S\+"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodDirectConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodDirectConfigRegion
-    \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodConfig
-
-" =encoding is a special directive
-syn region p6PodDirectRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=encoding\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodEncodingArgRegion
-    \ keepend
-
-syn region p6PodEncodingArgRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodName
-    \ start="\S\+"
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contained
-
-" Paragraph blocks (implicit code forbidden)
-syn region p6PodParaRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodParaNoCode,p6PodParaConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodParaConfigRegion
-    \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\k\@<!\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodConfig
-
-syn region p6PodParaNoCode
-    \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodFormat
-
-" Paragraph blocks (everything is code)
-syn region p6PodParaRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s*code\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodParaCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodParaCodeTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodParaCode,p6PodParaConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodParaCode
-    \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-
-" Paragraph blocks (implicit code allowed)
-syn region p6PodParaRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contains=p6PodParaTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodParaTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodPara,p6PodParaConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodPara
-    \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=\K\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-" Paragraph block to end-of-file
-syn region p6PodParaRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s\+END\>"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contains=p6PodParaEOFTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodParaEOFTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodParaEOF,p6PodParaConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodParaEOF
-    \ start="^[^=]"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-" Delimited blocks (implicit code forbidden)
-syn region p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimNoCode,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodDelimConfigRegion
-    \ start=""
-    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=\K\|\s*$\)"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodConfig
-
-syn region p6PodDelimNoCode
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat
-
-" Delimited blocks (everything is code)
-syn region p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s*code\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimCodeTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodDelimCodeTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimCode,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodDelimCode
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks
-
-" Delimited blocks (implicit code allowed)
-syn region p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
-    \ end="^=end\>"
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimTypeRegion
-    \ keepend
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodDelimTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodDelim,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodDelim
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="^\ze=end\>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-" Delimited block to end-of-file
-syn region p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodPrefix
-    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s\+END\>"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimEOFTypeRegion
-    \ extend
-
-syn region p6PodDelimEOFTypeRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\K\k*"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodDelimEOF,p6PodDelimConfigRegion
-
-syn region p6PodDelimEOF
-    \ start="^"
-    \ end="\%$"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=@p6PodNestedBlocks,@p6PodFormat,p6PodImplicitCode
-
-syn cluster p6PodConfig
-    \ add=p6PodConfigOperator
-    \ add=p6PodExtraConfig
-    \ add=p6StringAuto
-    \ add=p6PodAutoQuote
-    \ add=p6StringSQ
-
-syn region p6PodParens
-    \ start="("
-    \ end=")"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6Number,p6StringSQ
-
-syn match p6PodAutoQuote      display contained "=>"
-syn match p6PodConfigOperator display contained ":!\?" nextgroup=p6PodConfigOption
-syn match p6PodConfigOption   display contained "[^[:space:](<]\+" nextgroup=p6PodParens,p6StringAngle
-syn match p6PodExtraConfig    display contained "^="
-syn match p6PodVerticalBar    display contained "|"
-syn match p6PodColon          display contained ":"
-syn match p6PodSemicolon      display contained ";"
-syn match p6PodComma          display contained ","
-syn match p6PodImplicitCode   display contained "^\s.*"
-
-syn region p6PodDelimEndRegion
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodType
-    \ start="\%(^=end\>\)\@<="
-    \ end="\K\k*"
-
-" These may appear inside delimited blocks
-syn cluster p6PodNestedBlocks
-    \ add=p6PodAbbrRegion
-    \ add=p6PodDirectRegion
-    \ add=p6PodParaRegion
-    \ add=p6PodDelimRegion
-    \ add=p6PodDelimEndRegion
-
-" Pod formatting codes
-
-syn cluster p6PodFormat
-    \ add=p6PodFormatOne
-    \ add=p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ add=p6PodFormatThree
-    \ add=p6PodFormatFrench
-
-" Balanced angles found inside formatting codes. Ensures proper nesting.
-
-syn region p6PodFormatAnglesOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormat
-    \ start="<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne
-
-syn region p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormat
-    \ start="<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
-
-syn region p6PodFormatAnglesThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormat
-    \ start="<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatAnglesThree
-
-syn region p6PodFormatAnglesFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormat
-    \ start="«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ transparent
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatAnglesThree
-
-" All formatting codes
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="\u<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="\u<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="\u<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="\u«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree
-
-" C<> and V<> don't allow nested formatting formatting codes
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="[CV]<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="[CV]<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="[CV]<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="[CV]«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench
-
-" L<> can have a "|" separator
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="L<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodVerticalBar
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="L<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodVerticalBar
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="L<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="L«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar
-
-" E<> can have a ";" separator
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="E<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="E<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="E<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="E«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodSemiColon
-
-" M<> can have a ":" separator
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="M<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="M<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="M<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="M«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodColon
-
-" D<> can have "|" and ";" separators
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="D<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="D<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAngleTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="D<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="D«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon
-
-" X<> can have "|", "," and ";" separators
-
-syn region p6PodFormatOne
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="X<"
-    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
-    \ end=">"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesOne,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon,p6PodComma
-
-syn region p6PodFormatTwo
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="X<<"
-    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
-    \ end=">>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesTwo,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon,p6PodComma
-
-syn region p6PodFormatThree
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="X<<<"
-    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
-    \ end=">>>"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesThree,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon,p6PodComma
-
-syn region p6PodFormatFrench
-    \ matchgroup=p6PodFormatCode
-    \ start="X«"
-    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
-    \ end="»"
-    \ contained
-    \ contains=p6PodFormatAnglesFrench,p6PodFormatFrench,p6PodFormatOne,p6PodFormatTwo,p6PodFormatThree,p6PodVerticalBar,p6PodSemiColon,p6PodComma
-
-" Define the default highlighting.
-" Only when an item doesn't have highlighting yet
-
-hi def link p6EscOctOld       p6Error
-hi def link p6PackageTwigil   p6Twigil
-hi def link p6StringAngle     p6String
-hi def link p6StringFrench    p6String
-hi def link p6StringAngles    p6String
-hi def link p6StringSQ        p6String
-hi def link p6StringDQ        p6String
-hi def link p6StringQ         p6String
-hi def link p6RxStringSQ      p6String
-hi def link p6RxStringDQ      p6String
-hi def link p6Substitution    p6String
-hi def link p6Transliteration p6String
-hi def link p6StringAuto      p6String
-hi def link p6StringP5Auto    p6String
-hi def link p6Key             p6String
-hi def link p6Match           p6String
-hi def link p6RegexBlock      p6String
-hi def link p6RxP5CharClass   p6String
-hi def link p6RxP5QuoteMeta   p6String
-hi def link p6RxCharClass     p6String
-hi def link p6RxQuoteWords    p6String
-hi def link p6ReduceOp        p6Operator
-hi def link p6ReverseCrossOp  p6Operator
-hi def link p6HyperOp         p6Operator
-hi def link p6QuoteQ          p6Operator
-hi def link p6RxRange         p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxAnchor        p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Anchor      p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6CodePoint       p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxMeta          p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Range       p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5CPId        p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Posix       p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Mod         p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5HexSeq      p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5OctSeq      p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5WriteRefId  p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6HexSequence     p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6OctSequence     p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Named       p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5PropId      p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Quantifier  p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5CountId     p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6RxP5Verb        p6StringSpecial
-hi def link p6Escape          p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscNull         p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscHash         p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscQQ           p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscQuote        p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscDoubleQuote  p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscBackTick     p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscForwardSlash p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscVerticalBar  p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscExclamation  p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscDollar       p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscOpenCurly    p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscCloseCurly   p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscCloseBracket p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscCloseAngle   p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscCloseFrench  p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6EscBackSlash    p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxEscape        p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxCapture       p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxAlternation   p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5            p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5ReadRef     p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5Oct         p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5Hex         p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5EscMeta     p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5Meta        p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5Escape      p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5CodePoint   p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5WriteRef    p6StringSpecial2
-hi def link p6RxP5Prop        p6StringSpecial2
-
-hi def link p6Property       Tag
-hi def link p6Attention      Todo
-hi def link p6Type           Type
-hi def link p6Error          Error
-hi def link p6BlockLabel     Label
-hi def link p6Float          Float
-hi def link p6Normal         Normal
-hi def link p6Package        Normal
-hi def link p6PackageScope   Normal
-hi def link p6Number         Number
-hi def link p6VersionNum     Number
-hi def link p6String         String
-hi def link p6Repeat         Repeat
-hi def link p6Keyword        Keyword
-hi def link p6Pragma         Keyword
-hi def link p6Module         Keyword
-hi def link p6DeclareRoutine Keyword
-hi def link p6VarStorage     Special
-hi def link p6FlowControl    Special
-hi def link p6NumberBase     Special
-hi def link p6Twigil         Special
-hi def link p6StringSpecial2 Special
-hi def link p6VersionDot     Special
-hi def link p6Comment        Comment
-hi def link p6Include        Include
-hi def link p6Shebang        PreProc
-hi def link p6ClosureTrait   PreProc
-hi def link p6Routine        Function
-hi def link p6Operator       Operator
-hi def link p6Version        Operator
-hi def link p6Context        Operator
-hi def link p6Quote          Delimiter
-hi def link p6TypeConstraint PreCondit
-hi def link p6Exception      Exception
-hi def link p6Placeholder    Identifier
-hi def link p6Variable       Identifier
-hi def link p6VarSlash       Identifier
-hi def link p6VarNum         Identifier
-hi def link p6VarExclam      Identifier
-hi def link p6VarMatch       Identifier
-hi def link p6VarName        Identifier
-hi def link p6MatchVar       Identifier
-hi def link p6RxP5ReadRefId  Identifier
-hi def link p6RxP5ModDef     Identifier
-hi def link p6RxP5ModName    Identifier
-hi def link p6Conditional    Conditional
-hi def link p6StringSpecial  SpecialChar
-
-hi def link p6PodAbbr         p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodAbbrEOF      p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodAbbrNoCode   p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodAbbrCode     p6PodCode
-hi def link p6PodPara         p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodParaEOF      p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodParaNoCode   p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodParaCode     p6PodCode
-hi def link p6PodDelim        p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodDelimEOF     p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodDelimNoCode  p6Pod
-hi def link p6PodDelimCode    p6PodCode
-hi def link p6PodImplicitCode p6PodCode
-hi def link p6PodExtraConfig  p6PodPrefix
-hi def link p6PodVerticalBar  p6PodFormatCode
-hi def link p6PodColon        p6PodFormatCode
-hi def link p6PodSemicolon    p6PodFormatCode
-hi def link p6PodComma        p6PodFormatCode
-hi def link p6PodFormatOne    p6PodFormat
-hi def link p6PodFormatTwo    p6PodFormat
-hi def link p6PodFormatThree  p6PodFormat
-hi def link p6PodFormatFrench p6PodFormat
-
-hi def link p6PodType           Type
-hi def link p6PodConfigOption   String
-hi def link p6PodCode           PreProc
-hi def link p6Pod               Comment
-hi def link p6PodComment        Comment
-hi def link p6PodAutoQuote      Operator
-hi def link p6PodConfigOperator Operator
-hi def link p6PodPrefix         Statement
-hi def link p6PodName           Identifier
-hi def link p6PodFormatCode     SpecialChar
-hi def link p6PodFormat         SpecialComment
-
-
-" Syncing to speed up processing
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodAbbrRegion     "^=\K\k*\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDirectRegion   "^=\%(config\|use\|encoding\)\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodParaRegion     "^=for\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDelimRegion    "^=begin\>"
-"syn sync match p6SyncPod groupthere p6PodDelimEndRegion "^=end\>"
-
-" Let's just sync whole file, the other methods aren't reliable (or I don't
-" know how to use them reliably)
-syn sync fromstart
-
-setlocal foldmethod=syntax
-
-let b:current_syntax = "perl6"
-
-let &cpo = s:keepcpo
-unlet s:keepcpo
-
-" vim:ts=8:sts=4:sw=4:expandtab:ft=vim
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/r.vim b/runtime/syntax/r.vim
index 9e25dae363..a8100cfded 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/r.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/r.vim
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 " 		      Tom Payne <tom@tompayne.org>
 " Contributor:        Johannes Ranke <jranke@uni-bremen.de>
 " Homepage:           https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change:	      Wed Aug 01, 2018  10:10PM
+" Last Change:	      Sun Mar 28, 2021  01:47PM
 " Filenames:	      *.R *.r *.Rhistory *.Rt
 "
 " NOTE: The highlighting of R functions might be defined in
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ syn match rCommentTodo contained "\(BUG\|FIXME\|NOTE\|TODO\):"
 syn match rTodoParen contained "\(BUG\|FIXME\|NOTE\|TODO\)\s*(.\{-})\s*:" contains=rTodoKeyw,rTodoInfo transparent
 syn keyword rTodoKeyw BUG FIXME NOTE TODO contained
 syn match rTodoInfo "(\zs.\{-}\ze)" contained
-syn match rComment contains=@Spell,rCommentTodo,rTodoParen,rOBlock "#.*"
+syn match rComment contains=@Spell,rCommentTodo,rTodoParen "#.*"
 
 " Roxygen
 if g:r_syntax_hl_roxygen
   " A roxygen block can start at the beginning of a file (first version) and
-  " after a blank line (second version). It ends when a line that does not
+  " after a blank line (second version). It ends when a line appears that does not
   " contain a roxygen comment. In the following comments, any line containing
   " a roxygen comment marker (one or two hash signs # followed by a single
   " quote ' and preceded only by whitespace) is called a roxygen line. A
@@ -71,6 +71,12 @@ if g:r_syntax_hl_roxygen
   syn match rOTitleBlock "\%^\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{1,}" contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
   syn match rOTitleBlock "^\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{1,}" contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
 
+  " A title as part of a block is always at the beginning of the block, i.e.
+  " either at the start of a file or after a completely empty line.
+  syn match rOTitle "\%^\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*$" contained contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
+  syn match rOTitle "^\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*$" contained contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
+  syn match rOTitleTag contained "@title"
+
   " When a roxygen block has a title and additional content, the title
   " consists of one or more roxygen lines (as little as possible are matched),
   " followed either by an empty roxygen line
@@ -87,16 +93,15 @@ if g:r_syntax_hl_roxygen
   syn region rOBlockNoTitle start="\%^\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}'.*\n\)\{-}\s*#\{1,2}' @describeIn" end="^\s*\(#\{1,2}'\)\@!" contains=rOTag,rOExamples,@Spell keepend fold
   syn region rOBlockNoTitle start="^\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}'.*\n\)\{-}\s*#\{1,2}' @describeIn" end="^\s*\(#\{1,2}'\)\@!" contains=rOTag,rOExamples,@Spell keepend fold
 
-  " A title as part of a block is always at the beginning of the block, i.e.
-  " either at the start of a file or after a completely empty line.
-  syn match rOTitle "\%^\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*$" contained contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
-  syn match rOTitle "^\s*\n\(\s*#\{1,2}' .*\n\)\{-1,}\s*#\{1,2}'\s*$" contained contains=rOCommentKey,rOTitleTag
-  syn match rOTitleTag contained "@title"
-
   syn match rOCommentKey "^\s*#\{1,2}'" contained
-  syn region rOExamples start="^#\{1,2}' @examples.*"rs=e+1,hs=e+1 end="^\(#\{1,2}' @.*\)\@=" end="^\(#\{1,2}'\)\@!" contained contains=rOTag fold
+  syn region rOExamples start="^\s*#\{1,2}' @examples.*"rs=e+1,hs=e+1 end="^\(#\{1,2}' @.*\)\@=" end="^\(#\{1,2}'\)\@!" contained contains=rOTag fold
+
+  " R6 classes may contain roxygen lines independent of roxygen blocks
+  syn region rOR6Class start=/R6Class(/ end=/)/ transparent contains=ALLBUT,rError,rBraceError,rCurlyError fold
+  syn match rOR6Block "#\{1,2}'.*" contains=rOTag,rOExamples,@Spell containedin=rOR6Class contained
+  syn match rOR6Block "^\s*#\{1,2}'.*" contains=rOTag,rOExamples,@Spell containedin=rOR6Class contained
 
-  " rOTag list generated from the lists in
+  " rOTag list originally generated from the lists that were available in
   " https://github.com/klutometis/roxygen/R/rd.R and
   " https://github.com/klutometis/roxygen/R/namespace.R
   " using s/^    \([A-Za-z0-9]*\) = .*/  syn match rOTag contained "@\1"/
@@ -155,7 +160,10 @@ if g:r_syntax_hl_roxygen
   syn match rOTag contained "@S3method"
   syn match rOTag contained "@useDynLib"
   " other
+  syn match rOTag contained "@eval"
   syn match rOTag contained "@include"
+  syn match rOTag contained "@includeRmd"
+  syn match rOTag contained "@order"
 endif
 
 
@@ -186,6 +194,11 @@ syn match rSpecial display contained "\\U\x\{1,8}"
 syn match rSpecial display contained "\\u{\x\{1,4}}"
 syn match rSpecial display contained "\\U{\x\{1,8}}"
 
+" Raw string
+syn region rRawString matchgroup=rRawStrDelim start=/[rR]\z(['"]\)\z(-*\)(/ end=/)\z2\z1/ keepend
+syn region rRawString matchgroup=rRawStrDelim start=/[rR]\z(['"]\)\z(-*\){/ end=/}\z2\z1/ keepend
+syn region rRawString matchgroup=rRawStrDelim start=/[rR]\z(['"]\)\z(-*\)\[/ end=/\]\z2\z1/ keepend
+
 " Statement
 syn keyword rStatement   break next return
 syn keyword rConditional if else
@@ -354,6 +367,8 @@ hi def link rOperator    Operator
 hi def link rOpError     Error
 hi def link rParenError  Error
 hi def link rPreProc     PreProc
+hi def link rRawString   String
+hi def link rRawStrDelim Delimiter
 hi def link rRepeat      Repeat
 hi def link rSpecial     SpecialChar
 hi def link rStatement   Statement
@@ -366,6 +381,7 @@ if g:r_syntax_hl_roxygen
   hi def link rOTitleBlock Title
   hi def link rOBlock         Comment
   hi def link rOBlockNoTitle  Comment
+  hi def link rOR6Block         Comment
   hi def link rOTitle      Title
   hi def link rOCommentKey Comment
   hi def link rOExamples   SpecialComment
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/raku.vim b/runtime/syntax/raku.vim
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1bf9b4994c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/runtime/syntax/raku.vim
@@ -0,0 +1,1971 @@
+" Vim syntax file
+" Language:      Raku
+" Maintainer:    vim-perl <vim-perl@googlegroups.com>
+" Homepage:      https://github.com/Raku/vim-raku
+" Bugs/requests: https://github.com/Raku/vim-raku/issues
+" Last Change:   2021-04-16
+
+" Contributors:  Luke Palmer <fibonaci@babylonia.flatirons.org>
+"                Moritz Lenz <moritz@faui2k3.org>
+"                Hinrik Örn Sigurðsson <hinrik.sig@gmail.com>
+"
+" This is a big undertaking.
+"
+" The ftdetect/raku.vim file in this repository takes care of setting the
+" right filetype for Raku files. To set it explicitly you can also add this
+" line near the bottom of your source file:
+"   # vim: filetype=raku
+
+" TODO:
+"   * Go over the list of keywords/types to see what's deprecated/missing
+"   * Add more support for folding (:help syn-fold)
+"
+" If you want to have Pir code inside Q:PIR// strings highlighted, do:
+"   let raku_embedded_pir=1
+"
+" The above requires pir.vim, which you can find in Parrot's repository:
+" https://github.com/parrot/parrot/tree/master/editor
+"
+" To highlight Perl 5 regexes (m:P5//):
+"   let raku_perl5_regexes=1
+"
+" To enable folding:
+"   let raku_fold=1
+
+if version < 704 | throw "raku.vim uses regex syntax which Vim <7.4 doesn't support. Try 'make fix_old_vim' in the vim-perl repository." | endif
+
+" For version 5.x: Clear all syntax items
+" For version 6.x: Quit when a syntax file was already loaded
+if version < 600
+    syntax clear
+elseif exists("b:current_syntax")
+    finish
+endif
+let s:keepcpo= &cpo
+set cpo&vim
+
+" Patterns which will be interpolated by the preprocessor (tools/preproc.pl):
+"
+" @@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@     "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]"
+" @@IDENT_CHAR@@         "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]"
+" @@IDENTIFIER@@         "\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\%(@@IDENT_CHAR@@\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\@=\)*\)"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_START@@   "@@IDENT_CHAR@@\@1<!\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@[-']\)\@2<!"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_END@@     "\%(@@IDENT_CHAR@@\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT@@\)\@!"
+" @@METAOP@@             #\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+#
+" @@ADVERBS@@            "\%(\_s*:!\?@@IDENTIFIER@@\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*"
+"
+" Same but escaped, for use in string eval
+" @@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@   "[A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]"
+" @@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@       "[A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_Q@@       "\\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\%(@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\@=\\)*\\)"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_START_Q@@ "@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\@1<!\\%(@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@[-']\\)\\@2<!"
+" @@IDENTIFIER_END_Q@@   "\\%(@@IDENT_CHAR_Q@@\\|[-']@@IDENT_NONDIGIT_Q@@\\)\\@!"
+
+" Identifiers (subroutines, methods, constants, classes, roles, etc)
+syn match rakuIdentifier display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+
+let s:keywords = {
+ \ "rakuInclude": [
+ \   "use require import unit",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuConditional": [
+ \   "if else elsif unless with orwith without once",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuVarStorage": [
+ \   "let my our state temp has constant",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuRepeat": [
+ \   "for loop repeat while until gather given",
+ \   "supply react race hyper lazy quietly",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuFlowControl": [
+ \   "take take-rw do when next last redo return return-rw",
+ \   "start default exit make continue break goto leave",
+ \   "proceed succeed whenever emit done",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuClosureTrait": [
+ \   "BEGIN CHECK INIT FIRST ENTER LEAVE KEEP",
+ \   "UNDO NEXT LAST PRE POST END CATCH CONTROL",
+ \   "DOC QUIT CLOSE COMPOSE",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuException": [
+ \   "die fail try warn",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuPragma": [
+ \   "MONKEY-GUTS MONKEY-SEE-NO-EVAL MONKEY-TYPING MONKEY",
+ \   "experimental fatal isms lib newline nqp precompilation",
+ \   "soft strict trace variables worries",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuOperator": [
+ \   "div xx x mod also leg cmp before after eq ne le lt not",
+ \   "gt ge eqv ff fff and andthen or xor orelse lcm gcd o",
+ \   "unicmp notandthen minmax",
+ \ ],
+ \ "rakuType": [
+ \   "int int1 int2 int4 int8 int16 int32 int64",
+ \   "rat rat1 rat2 rat4 rat8 rat16 rat32 rat64",
+ \   "buf buf1 buf2 buf4 buf8 buf16 buf32 buf64",
+ \   "blob blob1 blob2 blob4 blob8 blob16 blob32 blob64",
+ \   "uint uint1 uint2 uint4 uint8 uint16 uint32 bit bool",
+ \   "uint64 utf8 utf16 utf32 bag set mix complex",
+ \   "num num32 num64 long longlong Pointer size_t str void",
+ \   "ulong ulonglong ssize_t atomicint",
+ \ ],
+\ }
+
+" These can be immediately followed by parentheses
+let s:types = [
+ \ "Object Any Cool Junction Whatever Capture Match",
+ \ "Signature Proxy Matcher Package Module Class",
+ \ "Grammar Scalar Array Hash KeyHash KeySet KeyBag",
+ \ "Pair List Seq Range Set Bag Map Mapping Void Undef",
+ \ "Failure Exception Code Block Routine Sub Macro",
+ \ "Method Submethod Regex Str Blob Char Byte Parcel",
+ \ "Codepoint Grapheme StrPos StrLen Version Num",
+ \ "Complex Bit True False Order Same Less More",
+ \ "Increasing Decreasing Ordered Callable AnyChar",
+ \ "Positional Associative Ordering KeyExtractor",
+ \ "Comparator OrderingPair IO KitchenSink Role",
+ \ "Int Rat Buf UInt Abstraction Numeric Real",
+ \ "Nil Mu SeekFromBeginning SeekFromEnd SeekFromCurrent",
+\ ]
+
+" We explicitly enumerate the alphanumeric infix operators allowed after [RSXZ]
+" to avoid matching package names that start with those letters.
+let s:alpha_metaops = [
+ \ "div mod gcd lcm xx x does but cmp leg eq ne gt ge lt le before after eqv",
+ \ "min max not so andthen and or orelse unicmp coll minmax",
+\ ]
+let s:words_space = join(s:alpha_metaops, " ")
+let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
+let s:alpha_metaops_or = join(s:temp, "\\|")
+
+" We don't use "syn keyword" here because that always has higher priority
+" than matches/regions, which would prevent these words from matching as
+" autoquoted strings before "=>".
+syn match rakuKeywordStart display "\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!\)\@=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF][-']\)\@2<!"
+    \ nextgroup=rakuAttention,rakuVariable,rakuInclude,rakuConditional,rakuVarStorage,rakuRepeat,rakuFlowControl,rakuClosureTrait,rakuException,rakuNumber,rakuPragma,rakuType,rakuOperator,rakuIdentifier
+
+for [s:group, s:words_list] in items(s:keywords)
+    let s:words_space = join(s:words_list, " ")
+    let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
+    let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
+    exec "syn match ". s:group ." display \"[.^]\\@1<!\\%(". s:words . "\\)(\\@!\\%([A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]\\|[-'][A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]\\)\\@!\" contained"
+endfor
+
+let s:words_space = join(s:types, " ")
+let s:temp = split(s:words_space)
+let s:words = join(s:temp, "\\|")
+exec "syn match rakuType display \"\\%(". s:words . "\\)\\%([A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF0-9]\\|[-'][A-Za-z_\\xC0-\\xFF]\\)\\@!\" contained"
+unlet s:group s:words_list s:keywords s:types s:words_space s:temp s:words
+
+syn match rakuPreDeclare display "[.^]\@1<!\<\%(multi\|proto\|only\)\>" nextgroup=rakuDeclare,rakuIdentifier skipwhite skipempty
+syn match rakuDeclare display "[.^]\@1<!\<\%(macro\|sub\|submethod\|method\|module\|class\|role\|package\|enum\|grammar\|slang\|subset\)\>" nextgroup=rakuIdentifier skipwhite skipempty
+syn match rakuDeclareRegex display "[.^]\@1<!\<\%(regex\|rule\|token\)\>" nextgroup=rakuRegexName skipwhite skipempty
+
+syn match rakuTypeConstraint  display "\%([.^]\|^\s*\)\@<!\a\@=\%(does\|as\|but\|trusts\|of\|returns\|handles\|where\|augment\|supersede\)\>"
+syn match rakuTypeConstraint  display "\%([.^]\|^\s*\)\@<![A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF][-']\)\@2<!is\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuProperty
+syn match rakuProperty        display "\a\@=\%(signature\|context\|also\|shape\|prec\|irs\|ofs\|ors\|export\|deep\|binary\|unary\|reparsed\|rw\|parsed\|cached\|readonly\|defequiv\|will\|ref\|copy\|inline\|tighter\|looser\|equiv\|assoc\|required\|DEPRECATED\|raw\|repr\|dynamic\|hidden-from-backtrace\|nodal\|pure\)" contained
+
+" packages, must come after all the keywords
+syn match rakuIdentifier display "\%(::\)\@2<=\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)*"
+syn match rakuIdentifier display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(::\)\@="
+
+" The sigil in ::*Package
+syn match rakuPackageTwigil display "\%(::\)\@2<=\*"
+
+" some standard packages
+syn match rakuType display "\%(::\)\@2<!\%(SeekType\%(::SeekFromBeginning\|::SeekFromCurrent\|::SeekFromEnd\)\|Order\%(::Same\|::More\|::Less\)\?\|Bool\%(::True\|::False\)\?\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!"
+
+" Don't put a "\+" at the end of the character class. That makes it so
+" greedy that the "%" " in "+%foo" won't be allowed to match as a sigil,
+" among other things
+syn match rakuOperator display "[-+/*~?|=^!%&,<>».;\\∈∉∋∌∩∪≼≽⊂⊃⊄⊅⊆⊇⊈⊉⊍⊎⊖∅∘]"
+syn match rakuOperator display "\%(:\@1<!::\@2!\|::=\|\.::\)"
+" these require whitespace on the left side
+syn match rakuOperator display "\%(\s\|^\)\@1<=\%(xx=\)"
+" index overloading
+syn match rakuOperator display "\%(&\.(\@=\|@\.\[\@=\|%\.{\@=\)"
+
+" Reduce metaoperators like [+]
+syn match rakuReduceOp display "\%(^\|\s\|(\)\@1<=!*\%([RSXZ\[]\)*[&RSXZ]\?\[\+(\?\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+)\?]\+"
+syn match rakuSetOp    display "R\?(\%([-^.+|&]\|[<>][=+]\?\|cont\|elem\))"
+
+" Reverse, cross, and zip metaoperators
+exec "syn match rakuRSXZOp display \"[RSXZ]:\\@!\\%(\\a\\@=\\%(". s:alpha_metaops_or . "\\)\\>\\|[[:alnum:]]\\@!\\%([.,]\\|[^[,.[:alnum:][:space:]]\\)\\+\\|\\s\\@=\\|$\\)\""
+
+syn match rakuBlockLabel display "^\s*\zs\h\w*\s*::\@!\_s\@="
+
+syn match rakuNumber     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?Inf\|NaN\)"
+syn match rakuNumber     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?\%(\%(\d\|__\@!\)*[._]\@1<!\.\)\?_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+_\@1<!\%([eE]-\?_\@!\%(\d\|_\)\+\)\?i\?"
+syn match rakuNumber     display "[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|\s\|[^*\a]\)\@1<=[-+]\)\?0[obxd]\@="  nextgroup=rakuOctBase,rakuBinBase,rakuHexBase,rakuDecBase
+syn match rakuOctBase    display "o" contained nextgroup=rakuOctNumber
+syn match rakuBinBase    display "b" contained nextgroup=rakuBinNumber
+syn match rakuHexBase    display "x" contained nextgroup=rakuHexNumber
+syn match rakuDecBase    display "d" contained nextgroup=rakuDecNumber
+syn match rakuOctNumber  display "[0-7][0-7_]*" contained
+syn match rakuBinNumber  display "[01][01_]*" contained
+syn match rakuHexNumber  display "\x[[:xdigit:]_]*" contained
+syn match rakuDecNumber  display "\d[[:digit:]_]*" contained
+
+syn match rakuVersion    display "\<v\d\+\%(\.\%(\*\|\d\+\)\)*+\?"
+
+" Contextualizers
+syn match rakuContext display "\<\%(item\|list\|slice\|hash\)\>"
+syn match rakuContext display "\%(\$\|@\|%\|&\)(\@="
+
+" Quoting
+
+" one cluster for every quote adverb
+syn cluster rakuInterp_scalar
+    \ add=rakuInterpScalar
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_array
+    \ add=rakuInterpArray
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_hash
+    \ add=rakuInterpHash
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_function
+    \ add=rakuInterpFunction
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_closure
+    \ add=rakuInterpClosure
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_q
+    \ add=rakuEscQQ
+    \ add=rakuEscBackSlash
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_backslash
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_q
+    \ add=rakuEscape
+    \ add=rakuEscOpenCurly
+    \ add=rakuEscCodePoint
+    \ add=rakuEscHex
+    \ add=rakuEscOct
+    \ add=rakuEscOctOld
+    \ add=rakuEscNull
+
+syn cluster rakuInterp_qq
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_scalar
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_array
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_hash
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_function
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_closure
+    \ add=@rakuInterp_backslash
+    \ add=rakuMatchVarSigil
+
+syn region rakuInterpScalar
+    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\^\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(\$\%(\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\|\%(\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpScalar
+    \ matchgroup=rakuContext
+    \ start="\$\ze()\@!"
+    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ end=")\zs"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpArray
+    \ start="\ze\z(@\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\^\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpArray
+    \ matchgroup=rakuContext
+    \ start="@\ze()\@!"
+    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ end=")\zs"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpHash
+    \ start="\ze\z(%\$*\%(\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\%(\.\^\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpHash
+    \ matchgroup=rakuContext
+    \ start="%\ze()\@!"
+    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ end=")\zs"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpFunction
+    \ start="\ze\z(&\%(\%(!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(\.\^\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\|\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)*\)\.\?\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpFunction
+    \ matchgroup=rakuContext
+    \ start="&\ze()\@!"
+    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ end=")\zs"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+syn region rakuInterpClosure
+    \ start="\\\@1<!{}\@!"
+    \ skip="{[^}]*}"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+" generic escape
+syn match rakuEscape          display "\\\S" contained
+
+" escaped closing delimiters
+syn match rakuEscQuote        display "\\'" contained
+syn match rakuEscDoubleQuote  display "\\\"" contained
+syn match rakuEscCloseAngle   display "\\>" contained
+syn match rakuEscCloseFrench  display "\\»" contained
+syn match rakuEscBackTick     display "\\`" contained
+syn match rakuEscForwardSlash display "\\/" contained
+syn match rakuEscVerticalBar  display "\\|" contained
+syn match rakuEscExclamation  display "\\!" contained
+syn match rakuEscComma        display "\\," contained
+syn match rakuEscDollar       display "\\\$" contained
+syn match rakuEscCloseCurly   display "\\}" contained
+syn match rakuEscCloseBracket display "\\\]" contained
+
+" matches :key, :!key, :$var, :key<var>, etc
+" Since we don't know in advance how the adverb ends, we use a trick.
+" Consume nothing with the start pattern (\ze at the beginning),
+" while capturing the whole adverb into \z1 and then putting it before
+" the match start (\zs) of the end pattern.
+syn region rakuAdverb
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\|\[[^\]]*]\|<[^>]*>\|«[^»]*»\|{[^}]*}\)\?\)"
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?[@$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\$\@1<=\d\+\|!\|/\|¢\)\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\|\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+
+" <words>
+" Distinguishing this from the "less than" operator is tricky. For now,
+" it matches if any of the following is true:
+"
+" * There is whitespace missing on either side of the "<", since
+"   people tend to put spaces around "less than". We make an exception
+"   for " = < ... >" assignments though.
+" * It comes after "enum", "for", "any", "all", or "none"
+" * It's the first or last thing on a line (ignoring whitespace)
+" * It's preceded by "(\s*" or "=\s\+"
+" * It's empty and terminated on the same line (e.g. <> and < >)
+"
+" It never matches when:
+"
+" * Preceded by [<+~=!] (e.g. <<foo>>, =<$foo>, * !< 3)
+" * Followed by [-=] (e.g. <--, <=, <==, <->)
+syn region rakuStringAngle
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\<\%(enum\|for\|any\|all\|none\)\>\s*(\?\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|\%([=-]\{1,2}>\|[=-]\{2}\)\)\@!"
+    \ start="\%(\s\|[<+~=!]\)\@<!<\%(<\|=>\|\%([=-]\{1,2}>\|[=-]\{2}\)\)\@!"
+    \ start="[<+~=!]\@1<!<\%(\s\|<\|=>\|\%([=-]\{1,2}>\|[=-]\{1,2}\)\)\@!"
+    \ start="\%(^\s*\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|\%([=-]\{1,2}>\|[=-]\{2}\)\)\@!"
+    \ start="[<+~=!]\@1<!<\%(\s*$\)\@="
+    \ start="\%((\s*\|=\s\+\)\@<=<\%(<\|=>\|\%([=-]\{1,2}>\|[=-]\{2}\)\)\@!"
+    \ start="<\%(\s*>\)\@="
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contains=rakuInnerAnglesOne,rakuEscBackSlash,rakuEscCloseAngle
+
+syn region rakuStringAngleFixed
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="<"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contains=rakuInnerAnglesOne,rakuEscBackSlash,rakuEscCloseAngle
+    \ contained
+
+syn region rakuInnerAnglesOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringAngle
+    \ start="\\\@1<!<"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuInnerAnglesOne
+
+" <<words>>
+syn region rakuStringAngles
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="<<=\@!"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contains=rakuInnerAnglesTwo,@rakuInterp_qq,rakuComment,rakuBracketComment,rakuEscHash,rakuEscCloseAngle,rakuAdverb,rakuStringSQ,rakuStringDQ
+
+syn region rakuInnerAnglesTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringAngles
+    \ start="<<"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuInnerAnglesTwo
+
+" «words»
+syn region rakuStringFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="«"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contains=rakuInnerFrench,@rakuInterp_qq,rakuComment,rakuBracketComment,rakuEscHash,rakuEscCloseFrench,rakuAdverb,rakuStringSQ,rakuStringDQ
+
+syn region rakuInnerFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringFrench
+    \ start="\\\@1<!«"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuInnerFrench
+
+" Hyperops. They need to come after "<>" and "«»" strings in order to override
+" them, but before other types of strings, to avoid matching those delimiters
+" as parts of hyperops.
+syn match rakuHyperOp display #[^[:digit:][{('",:[:space:]][^[{('",:[:space:]]*\%(«\|<<\)#
+syn match rakuHyperOp display "«\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+[«»]"
+syn match rakuHyperOp display "»\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+\%(«\|»\?\)"
+syn match rakuHyperOp display "<<\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+\%(<<\|>>\)"
+syn match rakuHyperOp display ">>\%(\d\|[@%$][.?^=[:alpha:]]\)\@!\%(\.\|[^[{('".[:space:]]\)\+\%(<<\|\%(>>\)\?\)"
+
+" 'string'
+syn region rakuStringSQ
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="'"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\'"
+    \ end="'"
+    \ contains=@rakuInterp_q,rakuEscQuote
+    \ keepend extend
+
+" "string"
+syn region rakuStringDQ
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start=+"+
+    \ skip=+\\\@1<!\\"+
+    \ end=+"+
+    \ contains=@rakuInterp_qq,rakuEscDoubleQuote
+    \ keepend extend
+
+" Q// and friends
+
+syn match rakuQuoteQStart display "\%(:\|\%(sub\|role\)\s\)\@5<![Qq]\@=" nextgroup=rakuQuoteQ,rakuQuoteQ_q,rakuQuoteQ_qww,rakuQuoteQ_qq,rakuQuoteQ_to,rakuQuoteQ_qto,rakuQuoteQ_qqto,rakuIdentifier
+syn match rakuQuoteQ      display "Q\%(qq\|ww\|[abcfhpsqvwx]\)\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_q    display "q[abcfhpsvwx]\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_q skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qww  display "qww[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_qww skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qq   display "qq\%([pwx]\|ww\)\?[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_qq skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_to   display "Qto[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuStringQ_to skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qto  display "qto[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qqto display "qqto[A-Za-z(]\@!" nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qqto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qto  display "q\_s*\%(\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*:\%(to\|heredoc\)\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*(\@!\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_qto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuQuoteQ_qqto display "qq\_s*\%(\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*:\%(to\|heredoc\)\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*(\@!\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_qqto skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuPairsQ      "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ
+syn match rakuPairsQ_q    "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_q
+syn match rakuPairsQ_qww  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qww
+syn match rakuPairsQ_qq   "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qq
+syn match rakuPairsQ_qto  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qto
+syn match rakuPairsQ_qqto "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_qqto
+
+
+if exists("raku_embedded_pir") || exists("raku_extended_all")
+    syn include @rakuPIR syntax/pir.vim
+    syn match rakuQuote_QPIR display "Q[A-Za-z(]\@!\%(\_s*:PIR\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuPairsQ_PIR skipwhite skipempty
+    syn match rakuPairs_QPIR contained "\_s*:PIR" transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuStringQ_PIR
+endif
+
+" hardcoded set of delimiters
+let s:plain_delims = [
+  \ ["DQ",          "\\\"",         "\\\"", "rakuEscDoubleQuote",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\\\\""],
+  \ ["SQ",          "'",            "'",    "rakuEscQuote",        "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\'"],
+  \ ["Slash",       "/",            "/",    "rakuEscForwardSlash", "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\/"],
+  \ ["BackTick",    "`",            "`",    "rakuEscBackTick",     "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\`"],
+  \ ["Bar",         "|",            "|",    "rakuEscVerticalBar",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\|"],
+  \ ["Exclamation", "!",            "!",    "rakuEscExclamation",  "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\!"],
+  \ ["Comma",       ",",            ",",    "rakuEscComma",        "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\,"],
+  \ ["Dollar",      "\\$",          "\\$",  "rakuEscDollar",       "\\\\\\@1<!\\\\\\$"],
+\ ]
+let s:bracketing_delims = [
+  \ ["Curly",   "{",            "}",    "rakuEscCloseCurly",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\}\\|{[^}]*}\\)"],
+  \ ["Angle",   "<",            ">",    "rakuEscCloseAngle",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\>\\|<[^>]*>\\)"],
+  \ ["French",  "«",            "»",    "rakuEscCloseFrench",  "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\»\\|«[^»]*»\\)"],
+  \ ["Bracket", "\\\[",         "]",    "rakuEscCloseBracket", "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\]\\|\\[^\\]]*]\\)"],
+  \ ["Paren",   "\\s\\@1<=(",   ")",    "rakuEscCloseParen",   "\\%(\\\\\\@1<!\\\\)\\|([^)]*)\\)"],
+\ ]
+let s:all_delims = s:plain_delims + s:bracketing_delims
+
+for [s:name, s:start_delim, s:end_delim, s:end_group, s:skip] in s:all_delims
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_q matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contains=@rakuInterp_q,".s:end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_qww matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contains=@rakuInterp_q,rakuStringSQ,rakuStringDQ".s:end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_qq matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contains=@rakuInterp_qq,".s:end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_to matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\\z([^".s:end_delim."]\\+\\)".s:end_delim."\" end=\"^\\s*\\z1$\" contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_qto matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\\z([^".s:end_delim."]\\+\\)".s:end_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"^\\s*\\z1$\" contains=@rakuInterp_q,".s:end_group." contained"
+    exec "syn region rakuStringQ_qqto matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\\z(\[^".s:end_delim."]\\+\\)".s:end_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"^\\s*\\z1$\" contains=@rakuInterp_qq,".s:end_group." contained"
+
+    if exists("raku_embedded_pir") || exists("raku_extended_all")
+        exec "syn region rakuStringQ_PIR matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contains=@rakuPIR,".s:end_group." contained"
+    endif
+endfor
+unlet s:name s:start_delim s:end_delim s:end_group s:skip s:plain_delims s:all_delims
+
+" :key
+syn match rakuOperator display ":\@1<!::\@!!\?" nextgroup=rakuKey,rakuStringAngleFixed,rakuStringAngles,rakuStringFrench
+syn match rakuKey display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)" contained nextgroup=rakuStringAngleFixed,rakuStringAngles,rakuStringFrench
+
+" Regexes and grammars
+
+syn match rakuRegexName    display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\?" nextgroup=rakuRegexBlockCrap skipwhite skipempty contained
+syn match rakuRegexBlockCrap "[^{]*" nextgroup=rakuRegexBlock skipwhite skipempty transparent contained
+
+syn region rakuRegexBlock
+    \ matchgroup=rakuNormal
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,@rakuVariables
+
+" Perl 6 regex bits
+
+syn cluster rakuRegexen
+    \ add=rakuRxMeta
+    \ add=rakuRxEscape
+    \ add=rakuEscCodePoint
+    \ add=rakuEscHex
+    \ add=rakuEscOct
+    \ add=rakuEscNull
+    \ add=rakuRxAnchor
+    \ add=rakuRxCapture
+    \ add=rakuRxGroup
+    \ add=rakuRxAlternation
+    \ add=rakuRxBoundary
+    \ add=rakuRxAdverb
+    \ add=rakuRxAdverbArg
+    \ add=rakuRxStorage
+    \ add=rakuRxAssertion
+    \ add=rakuRxAssertGroup
+    \ add=rakuRxQuoteWords
+    \ add=rakuRxClosure
+    \ add=rakuRxStringSQ
+    \ add=rakuRxStringDQ
+    \ add=rakuComment
+    \ add=rakuBracketComment
+    \ add=rakuMatchVarSigil
+
+syn match rakuRxMeta        display contained ".\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|\s\)\@1<!"
+syn match rakuRxAnchor      display contained "[$^]"
+syn match rakuRxEscape      display contained "\\\S"
+syn match rakuRxCapture     display contained "[()]"
+syn match rakuRxAlternation display contained "|"
+syn match rakuRxRange       display contained "\.\."
+
+" misc escapes
+syn match rakuEscOctOld    display "\\[1-9]\d\{1,2}" contained
+syn match rakuEscNull      display "\\0\d\@!" contained
+syn match rakuEscCodePoint display "\\[cC]" contained nextgroup=rakuCodePoint
+syn match rakuEscHex       display "\\[xX]" contained nextgroup=rakuHexSequence
+syn match rakuEscOct       display "\\o" contained nextgroup=rakuOctSequence
+syn match rakuEscQQ        display "\\qq" contained nextgroup=rakuQQSequence
+syn match rakuEscOpenCurly display "\\{" contained
+syn match rakuEscHash      display "\\#" contained
+syn match rakuEscBackSlash display "\\\\" contained
+
+syn region rakuQQSequence
+    \ matchgroup=rakuEscape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained transparent
+    \ contains=@rakuInterp_qq
+
+syn match rakuCodePoint   display "\%(\d\+\|\S\)" contained
+syn region rakuCodePoint
+    \ matchgroup=rakuEscape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+syn match rakuHexSequence display "\x\+" contained
+syn region rakuHexSequence
+    \ matchgroup=rakuEscape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+syn match rakuOctSequence display "\o\+" contained
+syn region rakuOctSequence
+    \ matchgroup=rakuEscape
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+
+" $<match>, @<match>
+syn region rakuMatchVarSigil
+    \ matchgroup=rakuVariable
+    \ start="[$@]\%(<<\@!\)\@="
+    \ end=">\@1<="
+    \ contains=rakuMatchVar
+
+syn region rakuMatchVar
+    \ matchgroup=rakuTwigil
+    \ start="<"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+
+syn region rakuRxClosure
+    \ matchgroup=rakuNormal
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+    \ containedin=rakuRxClosure
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn region rakuRxGroup
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial2
+    \ start="\["
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,@rakuVariables,rakuMatchVarSigil
+syn region rakuRxAssertion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial2
+    \ start="<\%(?\?\%(before\|after\)\|\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)=\)\|[+?*]\)\?"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,rakuIdentifier,@rakuVariables,rakuRxCharClass,rakuRxAssertCall
+syn region rakuRxAssertGroup
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial2
+    \ start="<\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)=\["
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxAssertCall display "\%(::\|\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)" contained nextgroup=rakuRxAssertArgs
+syn region rakuRxAssertArgs
+    \ start="("
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn region rakuRxAssertArgs
+    \ start=":"
+    \ end="\ze>"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn match rakuRxBoundary display contained "\%([«»]\|<<\|>>\)"
+syn region rakuRxCharClass
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial2
+    \ start="\%(<[-!+?]\?\)\@2<=\["
+    \ skip="\\]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuRxRange,rakuRxEscape,rakuEscHex,rakuEscOct,rakuEscCodePoint,rakuEscNull
+syn region rakuRxQuoteWords
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial2
+    \ start="<\s"
+    \ end="\s\?>"
+    \ contained
+syn region rakuRxAdverb
+    \ start="\ze\z(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)"
+    \ end="\z1\zs"
+    \ contained keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn region rakuRxAdverbArg
+    \ start="\%(:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\)\@<=("
+    \ skip="([^)]\{-})"
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contained
+    \ keepend
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn region rakuRxStorage
+    \ matchgroup=rakuOperator
+    \ start="\%(^\s*\)\@<=:\%(my\>\|temp\>\)\@="
+    \ end="$"
+    \ contains=TOP
+    \ contained
+    \ keepend
+
+" 'string' inside a regex
+syn region rakuRxStringSQ
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="'"
+    \ skip="\\\@1<!\\'"
+    \ end="'"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuEscQuote,rakuEscBackSlash
+
+" "string" inside a regex
+syn region rakuRxStringDQ
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start=+"+
+    \ skip=+\\\@1<!\\"+
+    \ end=+"+
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuEscDoubleQuote,rakuEscBackSlash,@rakuInterp_qq
+
+" $!, $var, $!var, $::var, $package::var $*::package::var, etc
+" Thus must come after the matches for the "$" regex anchor, but before
+" the match for the $ regex delimiter
+syn cluster rakuVariables
+    \ add=rakuVarSlash
+    \ add=rakuVarExclam
+    \ add=rakuVarMatch
+    \ add=rakuVarNum
+    \ add=rakuVariable
+
+syn match rakuBareSigil    display "[@$%&]\%(\s*\%([,)}=]\|where\>\)\)\@="
+syn match rakuVarSlash     display "\$/"
+syn match rakuVarExclam    display "\$!"
+syn match rakuVarMatch     display "\$¢"
+syn match rakuVarNum       display "\$\d\+"
+syn match rakuVariable     display "self"
+syn match rakuVariable     display "[@$%&]\?[@&$%]\$*\%(::\|\%(\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\|[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuTwigil,rakuVarName,rakuPackageScope
+syn match rakuVarName      display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)" nextgroup=rakuPostHyperOp contained
+syn match rakuClose        display "[\])]" transparent nextgroup=rakuPostHyperOp
+syn match rakuPostHyperOp  display "\%(»\|>>\)" contained
+syn match rakuTwigil       display "\%([.^*?=!~]\|:\@1<!::\@!\)[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=" nextgroup=rakuPackageScope,rakuVarName contained
+syn match rakuPackageScope display "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\?::" nextgroup=rakuPackageScope,rakuVarName contained
+
+" Perl 6 regex regions
+
+syn match rakuMatchStart_m    display "\.\@1<!\<\%(mm\?\|rx\)\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuMatchAdverbs_m
+syn match rakuMatchStart_s    display "\.\@1<!\<[sS]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuMatchAdverbs_s
+syn match rakuMatchStart_tr   display "\.\@1<!\<tr\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)\@!" skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuMatchAdverbs_tr
+syn match rakuMatchAdverbs_m  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuMatch
+syn match rakuMatchAdverbs_s  "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuSubstitution
+syn match rakuMatchAdverbs_tr "\%(\_s*:!\?\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\%(([^)]*)\)\?\)*" contained transparent skipwhite skipempty nextgroup=rakuTransliteration
+
+" /foo/
+syn region rakuMatchBare
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="/\@1<!\%(\%(\_^\|[!\[,=~|&/:({]\|\^\?fff\?\^\?\|=>\|\<\%(if\|unless\|while\|when\|where\|so\)\)\s*\)\@<=/[/=]\@!"
+    \ skip="\\/"
+    \ end="/"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,rakuVariable,rakuVarExclam,rakuVarMatch,rakuVarNum
+
+" m/foo/, m$foo$, m!foo!, etc
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,rakuVariable,rakuVarNum
+
+" m<foo>, m«foo», m{foo}, etc
+for [s:name, s:start_delim, s:end_delim, s:end_group, s:skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region rakuMatch matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@rakuRegexen,@rakuVariables"
+endfor
+unlet s:name s:start_delim s:end_delim s:end_group s:skip
+
+" Substitutions
+
+" s/foo//, s$foo$$, s!foo!!, etc
+syn region rakuSubstitution
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexen,rakuVariable,rakuVarNum
+    \ nextgroup=rakuReplacement
+
+syn region rakuReplacement
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\z(.\)"
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuInterp_qq
+
+" s<foo><bar>, s«foo»«bar», s{foo}{bar}, etc
+for [s:name, s:start_delim, s:end_delim, s:end_group, s:skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region rakuSubstitution matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@rakuRegexen,@rakuVariables nextgroup=rakuRepl".s:name
+    exec "syn region rakuRepl".s:name." matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@rakuInterp_qq"
+endfor
+unlet s:name s:start_delim s:end_delim s:end_group s:skip
+
+" Transliteration
+
+" tr/foo/bar/, tr|foo|bar, etc
+syn region rakuTransliteration
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start=+\z([/!$,|`"]\)+
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"me=e-1
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuRxRange
+    \ nextgroup=rakuTransRepl
+
+syn region rakuTransRepl
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\z(.\)"
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuInterp_qq,rakuRxRange
+
+" tr<foo><bar>, tr«foo»«bar», tr{foo}{bar}, etc
+for [s:name, s:start_delim, s:end_delim, s:end_group, s:skip] in s:bracketing_delims
+    exec "syn region rakuTransliteration matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=rakuRxRange nextgroup=rakuTransRepl".s:name
+    exec "syn region rakuTransRepl".s:name." matchgroup=rakuQuote start=\"".s:start_delim."\" skip=\"".s:skip."\" end=\"".s:end_delim."\" contained keepend contains=@rakuInterp_qq,rakuRxRange"
+endfor
+unlet s:name s:start_delim s:end_delim s:end_group s:skip s:bracketing_delims
+
+if exists("raku_perl5_regexes") || exists("raku_extended_all")
+
+" Perl 5 regex regions
+
+syn cluster rakuRegexP5Base
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Oct
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Hex
+    \ add=rakuRxP5EscMeta
+    \ add=rakuRxP5CodePoint
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Prop
+
+" normal regex stuff
+syn cluster rakuRegexP5
+    \ add=@rakuRegexP5Base
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Quantifier
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Meta
+    \ add=rakuRxP5QuoteMeta
+    \ add=rakuRxP5ParenMod
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Verb
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Count
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Named
+    \ add=rakuRxP5ReadRef
+    \ add=rakuRxP5WriteRef
+    \ add=rakuRxP5CharClass
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Anchor
+
+" inside character classes
+syn cluster rakuRegexP5Class
+    \ add=@rakuRegexP5Base
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Posix
+    \ add=rakuRxP5Range
+
+syn match rakuRxP5Escape     display contained "\\\S"
+syn match rakuRxP5CodePoint  display contained "\\c\S\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5CPId
+syn match rakuRxP5CPId       display contained "\S"
+syn match rakuRxP5Oct        display contained "\\\%(\o\{1,3}\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5OctSeq
+syn match rakuRxP5OctSeq     display contained "\o\{1,3}"
+syn match rakuRxP5Anchor     display contained "[\^$]"
+syn match rakuRxP5Hex        display contained "\\x\%({\x\+}\|\x\{1,2}\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5HexSeq
+syn match rakuRxP5HexSeq     display contained "\x\{1,2}"
+syn region rakuRxP5HexSeq
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+syn region rakuRxP5Named
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="\%(\\N\)\@2<={"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5Quantifier display contained "\%([+*]\|(\@1<!?\)"
+syn match rakuRxP5ReadRef    display contained "\\[1-9]\d\@!"
+syn match rakuRxP5ReadRef    display contained "\[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]<\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5ReadRefId
+syn region rakuRxP5ReadRefId
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="<"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5WriteRef   display contained "\\g\%(\d\|{\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5WriteRefId
+syn match rakuRxP5WriteRefId display contained "\d\+"
+syn region rakuRxP5WriteRefId
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5Prop       display contained "\\[pP]\%(\a\|{\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5PropId
+syn match rakuRxP5PropId     display contained "\a"
+syn region rakuRxP5PropId
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5Meta       display contained "[(|).]"
+syn match rakuRxP5ParenMod   display contained "(\@1<=?\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5Mod,rakuRxP5ModName,rakuRxP5Code
+syn match rakuRxP5Mod        display contained "?\%(<\?=\|<\?!\|[#:|]\)"
+syn match rakuRxP5Mod        display contained "?-\?[impsx]\+"
+syn match rakuRxP5Mod        display contained "?\%([-+]\?\d\+\|R\)"
+syn match rakuRxP5Mod        display contained "?(DEFINE)"
+syn match rakuRxP5Mod        display contained "?\%(&\|P[>=]\)" nextgroup=rakuRxP5ModDef
+syn match rakuRxP5ModDef     display contained "\h\w*"
+syn region rakuRxP5ModName
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial
+    \ start="?'"
+    \ end="'"
+    \ contained
+syn region rakuRxP5ModName
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial
+    \ start="?P\?<"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+syn region rakuRxP5Code
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial
+    \ start="??\?{"
+    \ end="})\@="
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=TOP
+syn match rakuRxP5EscMeta    display contained "\\[?*.{}()[\]|\^$]"
+syn match rakuRxP5Count      display contained "\%({\d\+\%(,\%(\d\+\)\?\)\?}\)\@=" nextgroup=rakuRxP5CountId
+syn region rakuRxP5CountId
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="{"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5Verb       display contained "(\@1<=\*\%(\%(PRUNE\|SKIP\|THEN\)\%(:[^)]*\)\?\|\%(MARK\|\):[^)]*\|COMMIT\|F\%(AIL\)\?\|ACCEPT\)"
+syn region rakuRxP5QuoteMeta
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="\\Q"
+    \ end="\\E"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuVariables,rakuEscBackSlash
+syn region rakuRxP5CharClass
+    \ matchgroup=rakuStringSpecial
+    \ start="\[\^\?"
+    \ skip="\\]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5Class
+syn region rakuRxP5Posix
+    \ matchgroup=rakuRxP5Escape
+    \ start="\[:"
+    \ end=":]"
+    \ contained
+syn match rakuRxP5Range      display contained "-"
+
+" m:P5//
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=/"
+    \ skip="\\/"
+    \ end="/"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,rakuVariable,rakuVarExclam,rakuVarMatch,rakuVarNum
+
+" m:P5!!
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=!"
+    \ skip="\\!"
+    \ end="!"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,rakuVariable,rakuVarSlash,rakuVarMatch,rakuVarNum
+
+" m:P5$$, m:P5||, etc
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=\z([\"'`|,$]\)"
+    \ skip="\\\z1"
+    \ end="\z1"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,@rakuVariables
+
+" m:P5 ()
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s\+\)\@<=()\@!"
+    \ skip="\\)"
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,@rakuVariables
+
+" m:P5[]
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=[]\@!"
+    \ skip="\\]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,@rakuVariables
+
+" m:P5{}
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<={}\@!"
+    \ skip="\\}"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,rakuVariables
+
+" m:P5<>
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=<>\@!"
+    \ skip="\\>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,rakuVariables
+
+" m:P5«»
+syn region rakuMatch
+    \ matchgroup=rakuQuote
+    \ start="\%(\%(::\|[$@%&][.!^:*?]\?\|\.\)\@2<!\<m\s*:P\%(erl\)\?5\s*\)\@<=«»\@!"
+    \ skip="\\»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contains=@rakuRegexP5,rakuVariables
+
+endif
+
+" Comments
+
+syn match rakuAttention display "\<\%(ACHTUNG\|ATTN\|ATTENTION\|FIXME\|NB\|TODO\|TBD\|WTF\|XXX\|NOTE\)" contained
+
+" normal end-of-line comment
+syn match rakuComment display "#.*" contains=rakuAttention
+
+" Multiline comments. Arbitrary numbers of opening brackets are allowed,
+" but we only define regions for 1 to 3
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]("
+    \ skip="([^)]*)"
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]\["
+    \ skip="\[[^\]]*]"
+    \ end="]"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]{"
+    \ skip="{[^}]*}"
+    \ end="}"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+" Comments with double and triple delimiters
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=](("
+    \ skip="((\%([^)\|))\@!]\)*))"
+    \ end="))"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]((("
+    \ skip="(((\%([^)]\|)\%())\)\@!\)*)))"
+    \ end=")))"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]\[\["
+    \ skip="\[\[\%([^\]]\|]]\@!\)*]]"
+    \ end="]]"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]\[\[\["
+    \ skip="\[\[\[\%([^\]]\|]\%(]]\)\@!\)*]]]"
+    \ end="]]]"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]{{"
+    \ skip="{{\%([^}]\|}}\@!\)*}}"
+    \ end="}}"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]{{{"
+    \ skip="{{{\%([^}]\|}\%(}}\)\@!\)*}}}"
+    \ end="}}}"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]<<"
+    \ skip="<<\%([^>]\|>>\@!\)*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<\%([^>]\|>\%(>>\)\@!\)*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]««"
+    \ skip="««\%([^»]\|»»\@!\)*»»"
+    \ end="»»"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+syn region rakuBracketComment
+    \ matchgroup=rakuBracketComment
+    \ start="#[`|=]«««"
+    \ skip="«««\%([^»]\|»\%(»»\)\@!\)*»»»"
+    \ end="»»»"
+    \ contains=rakuAttention,rakuBracketComment
+
+syn match rakuShebang display "\%^#!.*"
+
+" => autoquoting
+syn match rakuStringAuto   display "\.\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\ze\%(p5\)\@2<![RSXZ]\@1<!=>"
+syn match rakuStringAuto   display "\.\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\ze\s\+=>"
+syn match rakuStringAuto   display "\.\@1<!\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)p5\ze=>"
+
+" Pod
+
+" Abbreviated blocks (implicit code forbidden)
+syn region rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=\ze\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodAbbrNoCodeType
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrNoCodeType
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodName,rakuPodAbbrNoCode
+
+syn match rakuPodName contained ".\+" contains=@rakuPodFormat
+syn match rakuPodComment contained ".\+"
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrNoCode
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodFormat
+
+" Abbreviated blocks (everything is code)
+syn region rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=\zecode\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodAbbrCodeType
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrCodeType
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodName,rakuPodAbbrCode
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrCode
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+
+" Abbreviated blocks (everything is a comment)
+syn region rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=\zecomment\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodAbbrCommentType
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrCommentType
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodComment,rakuPodAbbrNoCode
+
+" Abbreviated blocks (implicit code allowed)
+syn region rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=\ze\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodAbbrType
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrType
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodName,rakuPodAbbr
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbr
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+" Abbreviated block to end-of-file
+syn region rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=\zeEND\>"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contains=rakuPodAbbrEOFType
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrEOFType
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodName,rakuPodAbbrEOF
+
+syn region rakuPodAbbrEOF
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks,@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+" Directives
+syn region rakuPodDirectRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=\%(config\|use\)\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodDirectArgRegion
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodDirectArgRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\S\+"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodDirectConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDirectConfigRegion
+    \ start=""
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodConfig
+
+" =encoding is a special directive
+syn region rakuPodDirectRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=encoding\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodEncodingArgRegion
+    \ keepend
+
+syn region rakuPodEncodingArgRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodName
+    \ start="\S\+"
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contained
+
+" Paragraph blocks (implicit code forbidden)
+syn region rakuPodParaRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend
+
+syn region rakuPodParaNoCodeTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaNoCode,rakuPodParaConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodParaConfigRegion
+    \ start=""
+    \ end="^\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@1<!\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodConfig
+
+syn region rakuPodParaNoCode
+    \ start="^[^=]"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodFormat
+
+" Paragraph blocks (everything is code)
+syn region rakuPodParaRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>\ze\s*code\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaCodeTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend
+
+syn region rakuPodParaCodeTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaCode,rakuPodParaConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodParaCode
+    \ start="^[^=]"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+
+" Paragraph blocks (implicit code allowed)
+syn region rakuPodParaRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\s*\zs=for\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
+    \ end="^\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend
+
+syn region rakuPodParaTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodPara,rakuPodParaConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodPara
+    \ start="^[^=]"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%(\s*$\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+" Paragraph block to end-of-file
+syn region rakuPodParaRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=for\>\ze\s\+END\>"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaEOFTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend
+
+syn region rakuPodParaEOFTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodParaEOF,rakuPodParaConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodParaEOF
+    \ start="^[^=]"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks,@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+" Delimited blocks (implicit code forbidden)
+syn region rakuPodDelimRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=rakuPodType
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimNoCodeTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimNoCode,rakuPodDelimConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimConfigRegion
+    \ start=""
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze\%([^=]\|=[A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\|\s*$\)"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodConfig
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimNoCode
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks,@rakuPodFormat
+
+" Delimited blocks (everything is code)
+syn region rakuPodDelimRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>\ze\s*code\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimCodeTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=rakuPodType
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimCodeTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimCode,rakuPodDelimConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimCode
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks
+
+" Delimited blocks (implicit code allowed)
+syn region rakuPodDelimRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^\z(\s*\)\zs=begin\>\ze\s*\%(pod\|item\|nested\|\u\+\)\>"
+    \ end="^\z1\zs=end\>"
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimTypeRegion
+    \ keepend extend skipwhite
+    \ nextgroup=rakuPodType
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelim,rakuPodDelimConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDelim
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="^\s*\zs\ze=end\>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks,@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+" Delimited block to end-of-file
+syn region rakuPodDelimRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodPrefix
+    \ start="^=begin\>\ze\s\+END\>"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ extend
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimEOFTypeRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimEOFTypeRegion
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodType
+    \ start="\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodDelimEOF,rakuPodDelimConfigRegion
+
+syn region rakuPodDelimEOF
+    \ start="^"
+    \ end="\%$"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=@rakuPodNestedBlocks,@rakuPodFormat,rakuPodImplicitCode
+
+syn cluster rakuPodConfig
+    \ add=rakuPodConfigOperator
+    \ add=rakuPodExtraConfig
+    \ add=rakuStringAuto
+    \ add=rakuPodAutoQuote
+    \ add=rakuStringSQ
+
+syn region rakuPodParens
+    \ start="("
+    \ end=")"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuNumber,rakuStringSQ
+
+syn match rakuPodAutoQuote      display contained "=>"
+syn match rakuPodConfigOperator display contained ":!\?" nextgroup=rakuPodConfigOption
+syn match rakuPodConfigOption   display contained "[^[:space:](<]\+" nextgroup=rakuPodParens,rakuStringAngle
+syn match rakuPodExtraConfig    display contained "^="
+syn match rakuPodVerticalBar    display contained "|"
+syn match rakuPodColon          display contained ":"
+syn match rakuPodSemicolon      display contained ";"
+syn match rakuPodComma          display contained ","
+syn match rakuPodImplicitCode   display contained "^\s.*"
+syn match rakuPodType           display contained "\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)"
+
+" These may appear inside delimited blocks
+syn cluster rakuPodNestedBlocks
+    \ add=rakuPodAbbrRegion
+    \ add=rakuPodDirectRegion
+    \ add=rakuPodParaRegion
+    \ add=rakuPodDelimRegion
+
+" Pod formatting codes
+
+syn cluster rakuPodFormat
+    \ add=rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ add=rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ add=rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ add=rakuPodFormatFrench
+
+" Balanced angles found inside formatting codes. Ensures proper nesting.
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatAnglesOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormat
+    \ start="<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatAnglesOne
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormat
+    \ start="<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatAnglesThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormat
+    \ start="<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatAnglesThree
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormat
+    \ start="«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ transparent contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatAnglesThree
+
+" All formatting codes
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="\u<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="\u<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="\u<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="\u«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree
+
+" C<> and V<> don't allow nested formatting formatting codes
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="[CV]<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="[CV]<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="[CV]<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="[CV]«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench
+
+" L<> can have a "|" separator
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="L<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodVerticalBar
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="L<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodVerticalBar
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="L<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="L«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar
+
+" E<> can have a ";" separator
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="E<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="E<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="E<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="E«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+" M<> can have a ":" separator
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="M<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="M<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="M<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="M«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodColon
+
+" D<> can have "|" and ";" separators
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="D<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="D<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAngleTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="D<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="D«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon
+
+" X<> can have "|", "," and ";" separators
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatOne
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="X<"
+    \ skip="<[^>]*>"
+    \ end=">"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesOne,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon,rakuPodComma
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatTwo
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="X<<"
+    \ skip="<<[^>]*>>"
+    \ end=">>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesTwo,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon,rakuPodComma
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatThree
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="X<<<"
+    \ skip="<<<[^>]*>>>"
+    \ end=">>>"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesThree,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon,rakuPodComma
+
+syn region rakuPodFormatFrench
+    \ matchgroup=rakuPodFormatCode
+    \ start="X«"
+    \ skip="«[^»]*»"
+    \ end="»"
+    \ contained
+    \ contains=rakuPodFormatAnglesFrench,rakuPodFormatFrench,rakuPodFormatOne,rakuPodFormatTwo,rakuPodFormatThree,rakuPodVerticalBar,rakuPodSemiColon,rakuPodComma
+
+" Define the default highlighting.
+" For version 5.7 and earlier: only when not done already
+" For version 5.8 and later: only when an item doesn't have highlighting yet
+if version >= 508 || !exists("did_raku_syntax_inits")
+    if version < 508
+        let did_raku_syntax_inits = 1
+        command -nargs=+ HiLink hi link <args>
+    else
+        command -nargs=+ HiLink hi def link <args>
+    endif
+
+    HiLink rakuEscOctOld        rakuError
+    HiLink rakuPackageTwigil    rakuTwigil
+    HiLink rakuStringAngle      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringAngleFixed rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringFrench     rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringAngles     rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringSQ         rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringDQ         rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ          rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_q        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_qww      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_qq       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_to       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_qto      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringQ_qqto     rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxStringSQ       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxStringDQ       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplacement      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplCurly        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplAngle        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplFrench       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplBracket      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReplParen        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransliteration  rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransRepl        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransReplCurly   rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransReplAngle   rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransReplFrench  rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransReplBracket rakuString
+    HiLink rakuTransReplParen   rakuString
+    HiLink rakuStringAuto       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuKey              rakuString
+    HiLink rakuMatch            rakuString
+    HiLink rakuSubstitution     rakuString
+    HiLink rakuMatchBare        rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRegexBlock       rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxP5CharClass    rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxP5QuoteMeta    rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxCharClass      rakuString
+    HiLink rakuRxQuoteWords     rakuString
+    HiLink rakuReduceOp         rakuOperator
+    HiLink rakuSetOp            rakuOperator
+    HiLink rakuRSXZOp           rakuOperator
+    HiLink rakuHyperOp          rakuOperator
+    HiLink rakuPostHyperOp      rakuOperator
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ           rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_q         rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_qww       rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_qq        rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_to        rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_qto       rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_qqto      rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuQuoteQ_PIR       rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuMatchStart_m     rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuMatchStart_s     rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuMatchStart_tr    rakuQuote
+    HiLink rakuBareSigil        rakuVariable
+    HiLink rakuRxRange          rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxAnchor         rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxBoundary       rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Anchor       rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuCodePoint        rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxMeta           rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Range        rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5CPId         rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Posix        rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Mod          rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5HexSeq       rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5OctSeq       rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5WriteRefId   rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuHexSequence      rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuOctSequence      rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Named        rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5PropId       rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Quantifier   rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5CountId      rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Verb         rakuStringSpecial
+    HiLink rakuRxAssertGroup    rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscape           rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscNull          rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscHash          rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscQQ            rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscQuote         rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscDoubleQuote   rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscBackTick      rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscForwardSlash  rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscVerticalBar   rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscExclamation   rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscDollar        rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscOpenCurly     rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscCloseCurly    rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscCloseBracket  rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscCloseAngle    rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscCloseFrench   rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscBackSlash     rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscCodePoint     rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscOct           rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuEscHex           rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxEscape         rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxCapture        rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxAlternation    rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5             rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5ReadRef      rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Oct          rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Hex          rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5EscMeta      rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Meta         rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Escape       rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5CodePoint    rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5WriteRef     rakuStringSpecial2
+    HiLink rakuRxP5Prop         rakuStringSpecial2
+
+    HiLink rakuProperty       Tag
+    HiLink rakuAttention      Todo
+    HiLink rakuType           Type
+    HiLink rakuError          Error
+    HiLink rakuBlockLabel     Label
+    HiLink rakuNormal         Normal
+    HiLink rakuIdentifier     Normal
+    HiLink rakuPackage        Normal
+    HiLink rakuPackageScope   Normal
+    HiLink rakuNumber         Number
+    HiLink rakuOctNumber      Number
+    HiLink rakuBinNumber      Number
+    HiLink rakuHexNumber      Number
+    HiLink rakuDecNumber      Number
+    HiLink rakuString         String
+    HiLink rakuRepeat         Repeat
+    HiLink rakuPragma         Keyword
+    HiLink rakuPreDeclare     Keyword
+    HiLink rakuDeclare        Keyword
+    HiLink rakuDeclareRegex   Keyword
+    HiLink rakuVarStorage     Special
+    HiLink rakuFlowControl    Special
+    HiLink rakuOctBase        Special
+    HiLink rakuBinBase        Special
+    HiLink rakuHexBase        Special
+    HiLink rakuDecBase        Special
+    HiLink rakuTwigil         Special
+    HiLink rakuStringSpecial2 Special
+    HiLink rakuVersion        Special
+    HiLink rakuComment        Comment
+    HiLink rakuBracketComment Comment
+    HiLink rakuInclude        Include
+    HiLink rakuShebang        PreProc
+    HiLink rakuClosureTrait   PreProc
+    HiLink rakuOperator       Operator
+    HiLink rakuContext        Operator
+    HiLink rakuQuote          Delimiter
+    HiLink rakuTypeConstraint PreCondit
+    HiLink rakuException      Exception
+    HiLink rakuVariable       Identifier
+    HiLink rakuVarSlash       Identifier
+    HiLink rakuVarNum         Identifier
+    HiLink rakuVarExclam      Identifier
+    HiLink rakuVarMatch       Identifier
+    HiLink rakuVarName        Identifier
+    HiLink rakuMatchVar       Identifier
+    HiLink rakuRxP5ReadRefId  Identifier
+    HiLink rakuRxP5ModDef     Identifier
+    HiLink rakuRxP5ModName    Identifier
+    HiLink rakuConditional    Conditional
+    HiLink rakuStringSpecial  SpecialChar
+
+    HiLink rakuPodAbbr         rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodAbbrEOF      rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodAbbrNoCode   rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodAbbrCode     rakuPodCode
+    HiLink rakuPodPara         rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodParaEOF      rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodParaNoCode   rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodParaCode     rakuPodCode
+    HiLink rakuPodDelim        rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodDelimEOF     rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodDelimNoCode  rakuPod
+    HiLink rakuPodDelimCode    rakuPodCode
+    HiLink rakuPodImplicitCode rakuPodCode
+    HiLink rakuPodExtraConfig  rakuPodPrefix
+    HiLink rakuPodVerticalBar  rakuPodFormatCode
+    HiLink rakuPodColon        rakuPodFormatCode
+    HiLink rakuPodSemicolon    rakuPodFormatCode
+    HiLink rakuPodComma        rakuPodFormatCode
+    HiLink rakuPodFormatOne    rakuPodFormat
+    HiLink rakuPodFormatTwo    rakuPodFormat
+    HiLink rakuPodFormatThree  rakuPodFormat
+    HiLink rakuPodFormatFrench rakuPodFormat
+
+    HiLink rakuPodType           Type
+    HiLink rakuPodConfigOption   String
+    HiLink rakuPodCode           PreProc
+    HiLink rakuPod               Comment
+    HiLink rakuPodComment        Comment
+    HiLink rakuPodAutoQuote      Operator
+    HiLink rakuPodConfigOperator Operator
+    HiLink rakuPodPrefix         Statement
+    HiLink rakuPodName           Identifier
+    HiLink rakuPodFormatCode     SpecialChar
+    HiLink rakuPodFormat         SpecialComment
+
+    delcommand HiLink
+endif
+
+if exists("raku_fold") || exists("raku_extended_all")
+    setl foldmethod=syntax
+    syn region rakuBlockFold
+        \ start="^\z(\s*\)\%(my\|our\|augment\|multi\|proto\|only\)\?\s*\%(\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\%([A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF0-9]\|[-'][A-Za-z_\xC0-\xFF]\@=\)*\)\s\+\)\?\<\%(CATCH\|try\|ENTER\|LEAVE\|CHECK\|INIT\|BEGIN\|END\|KEEP\|UNDO\|PRE\|POST\|module\|package\|enum\|subset\|class\|sub\%(method\)\?\|multi\|method\|slang\|grammar\|regex\|token\|rule\)\>[^{]\+\%({\s*\%(#.*\)\?\)\?$"
+        \ end="^\z1}"
+        \ transparent fold keepend extend
+endif
+
+let b:current_syntax = "raku"
+
+let &cpo = s:keepcpo
+unlet s:keepcpo
+
+" vim:ts=8:sts=4:sw=4:expandtab:ft=vim
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/rmd.vim b/runtime/syntax/rmd.vim
index d852d225bc..cccd4110f5 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/rmd.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/rmd.vim
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 " markdown Text with R statements
 " Language: markdown with R code chunks
 " Homepage: https://github.com/jalvesaq/R-Vim-runtime
-" Last Change: Thu Apr 18, 2019  09:17PM
+" Last Change: Wed Apr 21, 2021  09:55AM
 "
 "   For highlighting pandoc extensions to markdown like citations and TeX and
 "   many other advanced features like folding of markdown sections, it is
@@ -13,27 +13,45 @@ if exists("b:current_syntax")
   finish
 endif
 
-" Configuration if not using pandoc syntax:
-" Add syntax highlighting of YAML header
-let g:rmd_syn_hl_yaml = get(g:, 'rmd_syn_hl_yaml', 1)
-" Add syntax highlighting of citation keys
-let g:rmd_syn_hl_citations = get(g:, 'rmd_syn_hl_citations', 1)
-" Highlight the header of the chunk of R code
-let g:rmd_syn_hl_chunk = get(g:, 'g:rmd_syn_hl_chunk', 0)
+" Highlight the header of the chunks as R code
+let g:rmd_syn_hl_chunk = get(g:, 'rmd_syn_hl_chunk', 0)
 
 " Pandoc-syntax has more features, but it is slower.
 " https://github.com/vim-pandoc/vim-pandoc-syntax
 let g:pandoc#syntax#codeblocks#embeds#langs = get(g:, 'pandoc#syntax#codeblocks#embeds#langs', ['r'])
 runtime syntax/pandoc.vim
 if exists("b:current_syntax")
-  " Fix recognition of R code
-  syn region pandocDelimitedCodeBlock_r start=/^```{r\>.*}$/ end=/^```$/ contained containedin=pandocDelimitedCodeBlock contains=@R
+  " Recognize inline R code
   syn region rmdrInline matchgroup=rmdInlineDelim start="`r "  end="`" contains=@R containedin=pandocLaTeXRegion,yamlFlowString keepend
   hi def link rmdInlineDelim Delimiter
+
+  " Fix recognition of language chunks (code adapted from pandoc, 2021-03-28)
+  " Knitr requires braces in the block's header
+  for s:lng in g:pandoc#syntax#codeblocks#embeds#langs
+    let s:nm = matchstr(s:lng, '^[^=]*')
+    exe 'syn clear pandocDelimitedCodeBlock_'.s:nm
+    exe 'syn clear pandocDelimitedCodeBlockinBlockQuote_'.s:nm
+    if g:rmd_syn_hl_chunk
+      exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'ChunkDelim matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="}$" keepend containedin=rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk contains=@R'
+      exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>.*$" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="^\s*```\ze\s*$" keepend contains=rmd'.s:nm.'ChunkDelim,@'.toupper(s:nm)
+    else
+      exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>.*$" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="^\s*```\ze\s*$" keepend contains=@'.toupper(s:nm)
+    endif
+  endfor
+  unlet s:lng
+  unlet s:nm
+  hi def link rmdInlineDelim Delimiter
+  hi def link rmdCodeDelim Delimiter
   let b:current_syntax = "rmd"
   finish
 endif
 
+" Configuration if not using pandoc syntax:
+" Add syntax highlighting of YAML header
+let g:rmd_syn_hl_yaml = get(g:, 'rmd_syn_hl_yaml', 1)
+" Add syntax highlighting of citation keys
+let g:rmd_syn_hl_citations = get(g:, 'rmd_syn_hl_citations', 1)
+
 let s:cpo_save = &cpo
 set cpo&vim
 
@@ -63,15 +81,17 @@ for s:type in g:rmd_fenced_languages
   unlet! b:current_syntax
   exe 'syn include @Rmd'.s:nm.' syntax/'.s:ft.'.vim'
   if g:rmd_syn_hl_chunk
-    exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'ChunkDelim matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="}$" keepend containedin=rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk contains=@Rmd'.s:nm
+    exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'ChunkDelim matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="}$" keepend containedin=rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk contains=@Rmdr'
     exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>.*$" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="^\s*```\ze\s*$" keepend contains=rmd'.s:nm.'ChunkDelim,@Rmd'.s:nm
   else
     exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'Chunk matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim start="^\s*```\s*{\s*'.s:nm.'\>.*$" matchgroup=rmdCodeDelim end="^\s*```\ze\s*$" keepend contains=@Rmd'.s:nm
   endif
-  exe 'syn region rmd'.s:nm.'Inline matchgroup=rmdInlineDelim start="`'.s:nm.' "  end="`" contains=@Rmd'.s:nm.' keepend'
 endfor
 unlet! s:type
 
+" Recognize inline R code
+syn region rmdrInline matchgroup=rmdInlineDelim start="`r "  end="`" contains=@Rmdr keepend
+
 hi def link rmdInlineDelim Delimiter
 hi def link rmdCodeDelim Delimiter
 
diff --git a/runtime/syntax/rnoweb.vim b/runtime/syntax/rnoweb.vim
index b2ba17d68d..749860a3fe 100644
--- a/runtime/syntax/rnoweb.vim
+++ b/runtime/syntax/rnoweb.vim
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ syn cluster texParaGroup add=@rnoweb
 
 " Highlighting of R code using an existing r.vim syntax file if available {{{1
 syn include @rnowebR syntax/r.vim
-syn region rnowebChunk matchgroup=rnowebDelimiter start="^<<.*>>=" matchgroup=rnowebDelimiter end="^@" contains=@rnowebR,rnowebChunkReference,rnowebChunk fold keepend
-syn match rnowebChunkReference "^<<.*>>$" contained
+syn region rnowebChunk matchgroup=rnowebDelimiter start="^\s*<<.*>>=" matchgroup=rnowebDelimiter end="^@" contains=@rnowebR,rnowebChunkReference,rnowebChunk fold keepend
+syn match rnowebChunkReference "^\s*<<.*>>$" contained
 syn region rnowebSexpr matchgroup=Delimiter start="\\Sexpr{" matchgroup=Delimiter end="}" contains=@rnowebR contained
 
 " Sweave options command {{{1