feat(window/ui): add splitkeep option (#19243)

vim-patch:9.0.0445: when opening/closing window text moves up/down

Problem:    When opening/closing window text moves up/down.
Solution:   Add the 'splitscroll' option.  When off text will keep its
            position as much as possible.
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/29ab524358ba429bcf6811710afc97a978641f0b

vim-patch:9.0.0455: a few problems with 'splitscroll'

Problem:    A few problems with 'splitscroll'.
Solution:   Fix 'splitscroll' problems. (Luuk van Baal, closes vim/vim#11117)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/5ed391708a62b4ebaa84dd23e32a416e5c3383d9

vim-patch:9.0.0461: 'scroll' is not always updated

Problem:    'scroll' is not always updated.
Solution:   Call win_init_size() at the right place.
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/470a14140bc06f1653edf26ab0b3c9b801080353

vim-patch:9.0.0465: cursor moves when cmdwin is closed when 'splitscroll' is off

Problem:    Cursor moves when cmdwin is closed when 'splitscroll' is off.
Solution:   Temporarily set 'splitscroll' when jumping back to the original
            window. (closes vim/vim#11128)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/e697d488901b6321ddaad68b553f0a434c97d849

vim-patch:9.0.0469: cursor moves if cmdwin is closed when 'splitscroll' is off

Problem:    Cursor moves if cmdwin is closed when 'splitscroll' is off.
Solution:   Skip win_fix_cursor if called when cmdwin is open or closing.
            (Luuk van Baal, closes vim/vim#11134)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/3735f11050616652525bf80b4fbcb2b3bfeab113

vim-patch:9.0.0478: test for 'splitscroll' takes too much time

Problem:    Test for 'splitscroll' takes too much time.
Solution:   Only test some of the combinations. (Luuk van Baal, closes vim/vim#11139)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/594f9e09cd68e6277b8aa08094405bc642c5792a

vim-patch:9.0.0486: text scrolled with 'nosplitscroll', autocmd win and help

Problem:    Text scrolled with 'nosplitscroll', autocmd win opened and help
            window closed.
Solution:   Skip win_fix_scroll() in more situations. (Luuk van Baal,
            closes vim/vim#11150)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/d5bc762dea1fd32fa04342f8149f95ccfc3b9709

vim-patch:9.0.0505: various problems with 'nosplitscroll'

Problem:    Various problems with 'nosplitscroll'.
Solution:   Fix 'nosplitscroll' problems. (Luuk van Baal, closes vim/vim#11166)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/faf1d412f5e3665021500b528c0e7301eb02bf0b

vim-patch:9.0.0555: scrolling with 'nosplitscroll' in callback changing curwin

Problem:    Scrolling with 'nosplitscroll' in callback changing curwin.
Solution:   Invalidate w_cline_row in the right place. (Luuk van Baal,
            closes vim/vim#11185)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/20e58561abc4116f3bfbafaef242d886dd77b303

vim-patch:9.0.0603: with 'nosplitscroll' folds are not handled correctly

Problem:    With 'nosplitscroll' folds are not handled correctly.
Solution:   Take care of closed folds when moving the cursor. (Luuk van Baal,
            closes vim/vim#11234)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/7c1cbb6cd437c6e0c3ccc05840cc931108b4a60a

vim-patch:9.0.0605: dump file missing

Problem:    Dump file missing.
Solution:   Add the missing dump file. (issue vim/vim#11234)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/439a2ba1749463718b6ce1e1375b68c7b7cff808

vim-patch:9.0.0647: the 'splitscroll' option is not a good name

Problem:    The 'splitscroll' option is not a good name.
Solution:   Rename 'splitscroll' to 'splitkeep' and make it a string option,
            also supporting "topline". (Luuk van Baal, closes vim/vim#11258)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/13ece2ae1d09009d3fb8acf858c288e7848ecdac

vim-patch:9.0.0667: ml_get error when 'splitkeep' is "screen"

Problem:    ml_get error when 'splitkeep' is "screen". (Marius Gedminas)
Solution:   Check the botline is not too large. (Luuk van Baal,
            closes vim/vim#11293, closes vim/vim#11292)
https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/346823d3e5668b99d2c2fd920e7f215e21ad3ea7

15 files changed, 725 insertions, 72 deletions

diff --git a/runtime/doc/options.txt b/runtime/doc/options.txt
index 065fe1af70..8a629e0c05 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/options.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/options.txt
@@ -5961,6 +5961,22 @@ A jump table for the options with a short description can be found at |Q_op|.
 	When on, splitting a window will put the new window below the current
 	one. |:split|
 
+			*'splitkeep'* *'spk'*
+'splitkeep' 'spk'	string	(default "cursor")
+			global
+	The value of this option determines the scroll behavior when opening,
+	closing or resizing horizontal splits.
+
+	Possible values are:
+	  cursor	Keep the same relative cursor position.
+	  screen	Keep the text on the same screen line.
+	  topline	Keep the topline the same.
+
+	For the "screen" and "topline" values, the cursor position will be
+	changed when necessary. In this case, the jumplist will be populated
+	with the previous cursor position. For "screen", the text cannot always
+	be kept on the same screen line	when 'wrap' is enabled.
+
 			*'splitright'* *'spr'* *'nosplitright'* *'nospr'*
 'splitright' 'spr'	boolean	(default off)
 			global
diff --git a/runtime/doc/quickref.txt b/runtime/doc/quickref.txt
index bdb0f7447c..5b100c73a9 100644
--- a/runtime/doc/quickref.txt
+++ b/runtime/doc/quickref.txt
@@ -890,6 +890,7 @@ Short explanation of each option:		*option-list*
 'spelloptions'	  'spo'     options for spell checking
 'spellsuggest'	  'sps'     method(s) used to suggest spelling corrections
 'splitbelow'	  'sb'	    new window from split is below the current one
+'splitkeep'	  'spk'     determines scroll behavior for split windows
 'splitright'	  'spr'     new window is put right of the current one
 'startofline'	  'sol'     commands move cursor to first non-blank in line
 'statusline'	  'stl'     custom format for the status line
diff --git a/runtime/optwin.vim b/runtime/optwin.vim
index a6637441ed..5f0bee6be4 100644
--- a/runtime/optwin.vim
+++ b/runtime/optwin.vim
@@ -511,6 +511,8 @@ call append("$", "\tto a buffer")
 call <SID>OptionG("swb", &swb)
 call append("$", "splitbelow\ta new window is put below the current one")
 call <SID>BinOptionG("sb", &sb)
+call append("$", "splitkeep\ta determines scroll behavior for split windows")
+call <SID>BinOptionG("spk", &spk)
 call append("$", "splitright\ta new window is put right of the current one")
 call <SID>BinOptionG("spr", &spr)
 call append("$", "scrollbind\tthis window scrolls together with other bound windows")
diff --git a/src/nvim/buffer_defs.h b/src/nvim/buffer_defs.h
index 5850763bcb..630e1d14a8 100644
--- a/src/nvim/buffer_defs.h
+++ b/src/nvim/buffer_defs.h
@@ -1202,6 +1202,8 @@ struct window_S {
   int w_winrow;                     // first row of window in screen
   int w_height;                     // number of rows in window, excluding
                                     // status/command line(s)
+  int w_prev_winrow;                // previous winrow used for 'splitkeep'
+  int w_prev_height;                // previous height used for 'splitkeep'
   int w_status_height;              // number of status lines (0 or 1)
   int w_winbar_height;              // number of window bars (0 or 1)
   int w_wincol;                     // Leftmost column of window in screen.
diff --git a/src/nvim/edit.c b/src/nvim/edit.c
index 781e9e3553..09f20baebf 100644
--- a/src/nvim/edit.c
+++ b/src/nvim/edit.c
@@ -2541,97 +2541,112 @@ int oneleft(void)
   return OK;
 }
 
-/// @oaram upd_topline  When true: update topline
-int cursor_up(long n, int upd_topline)
+/// Move the cursor up "n" lines in window "wp".
+/// Takes care of closed folds.
+/// Returns the new cursor line or zero for failure.
+linenr_T cursor_up_inner(win_T *wp, long n)
 {
-  linenr_T lnum;
+  linenr_T lnum = wp->w_cursor.lnum;
 
-  if (n > 0) {
-    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
-
-    // This fails if the cursor is already in the first line.
-    if (lnum <= 1) {
-      return FAIL;
-    }
-    if (n >= lnum) {
-      lnum = 1;
-    } else if (hasAnyFolding(curwin)) {
-      // Count each sequence of folded lines as one logical line.
+  // This fails if the cursor is already in the first line.
+  if (lnum <= 1) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (n >= lnum) {
+    lnum = 1;
+  } else if (hasAnyFolding(wp)) {
+    // Count each sequence of folded lines as one logical line.
 
-      // go to the start of the current fold
-      (void)hasFolding(lnum, &lnum, NULL);
+    // go to the start of the current fold
+    (void)hasFoldingWin(wp, lnum, &lnum, NULL, true, NULL);
 
-      while (n--) {
-        // move up one line
-        lnum--;
-        if (lnum <= 1) {
-          break;
-        }
-        // If we entered a fold, move to the beginning, unless in
-        // Insert mode or when 'foldopen' contains "all": it will open
-        // in a moment.
-        if (n > 0 || !((State & MODE_INSERT) || (fdo_flags & FDO_ALL))) {
-          (void)hasFolding(lnum, &lnum, NULL);
-        }
+    while (n--) {
+      // move up one line
+      lnum--;
+      if (lnum <= 1) {
+        break;
       }
-      if (lnum < 1) {
-        lnum = 1;
+      // If we entered a fold, move to the beginning, unless in
+      // Insert mode or when 'foldopen' contains "all": it will open
+      // in a moment.
+      if (n > 0 || !((State & MODE_INSERT) || (fdo_flags & FDO_ALL))) {
+        (void)hasFoldingWin(wp, lnum, &lnum, NULL, true, NULL);
       }
-    } else {
-      lnum -= (linenr_T)n;
     }
-    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+    if (lnum < 1) {
+      lnum = 1;
+    }
+  } else {
+    lnum -= (linenr_T)n;
+  }
+
+  wp->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+  return lnum;
+}
+
+/// @param upd_topline  When true: update topline
+int cursor_up(long n, int upd_topline)
+{
+  if (n > 0 && cursor_up_inner(curwin, n) == 0) {
+    return FAIL;
   }
 
   // try to advance to the column we want to be at
   coladvance(curwin->w_curswant);
 
   if (upd_topline) {
-    update_topline(curwin);           // make sure curwin->w_topline is valid
+    update_topline(curwin);  // make sure curwin->w_topline is valid
   }
 
   return OK;
 }
 
-/// Cursor down a number of logical lines.
-///
-/// @param upd_topline  When true: update topline
-int cursor_down(long n, int upd_topline)
+/// Move the cursor down "n" lines in window "wp".
+/// Takes care of closed folds.
+/// Returns the new cursor line or zero for failure.
+linenr_T cursor_down_inner(win_T *wp, long n)
 {
-  linenr_T lnum;
-
-  if (n > 0) {
-    lnum = curwin->w_cursor.lnum;
-    // Move to last line of fold, will fail if it's the end-of-file.
-    (void)hasFolding(lnum, NULL, &lnum);
+  linenr_T lnum = wp->w_cursor.lnum;
+  linenr_T line_count = wp->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count;
 
-    // This fails if the cursor is already in the last line.
-    if (lnum >= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
-      return FAIL;
-    }
-    if (lnum + n >= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
-      lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
-    } else if (hasAnyFolding(curwin)) {
-      linenr_T last;
+  // Move to last line of fold, will fail if it's the end-of-file.
+  (void)hasFoldingWin(wp, lnum, NULL, &lnum, true, NULL);
+  // This fails if the cursor is already in the last line.
+  if (lnum >= line_count) {
+    return FAIL;
+  }
+  if (lnum + n >= line_count) {
+    lnum = line_count;
+  } else if (hasAnyFolding(wp)) {
+    linenr_T last;
 
-      // count each sequence of folded lines as one logical line
-      while (n--) {
-        if (hasFolding(lnum, NULL, &last)) {
-          lnum = last + 1;
-        } else {
-          lnum++;
-        }
-        if (lnum >= curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
-          break;
-        }
+    // count each sequence of folded lines as one logical line
+    while (n--) {
+      if (hasFoldingWin(wp, lnum, NULL, &last, true, NULL)) {
+        lnum = last + 1;
+      } else {
+        lnum++;
       }
-      if (lnum > curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
-        lnum = curbuf->b_ml.ml_line_count;
+      if (lnum >= line_count) {
+        break;
       }
-    } else {
-      lnum += (linenr_T)n;
     }
-    curwin->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+    if (lnum > line_count) {
+      lnum = line_count;
+    }
+  } else {
+    lnum += (linenr_T)n;
+  }
+
+  wp->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+  return lnum;
+}
+
+/// @param upd_topline  When true: update topline
+int cursor_down(long n, int upd_topline)
+{
+  if (n > 0 && cursor_down_inner(curwin, n) == 0) {
+    return FAIL;
   }
 
   // try to advance to the column we want to be at
diff --git a/src/nvim/ex_getln.c b/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
index 6883dc5b14..031226c5a1 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ex_getln.c
@@ -4359,6 +4359,7 @@ static int open_cmdwin(void)
     // First go back to the original window.
     wp = curwin;
     set_bufref(&bufref, curbuf);
+    skip_win_fix_cursor = true;
     win_goto(old_curwin);
 
     // win_goto() may trigger an autocommand that already closes the
@@ -4375,6 +4376,7 @@ static int open_cmdwin(void)
 
     // Restore window sizes.
     win_size_restore(&winsizes);
+    skip_win_fix_cursor = false;
   }
 
   ga_clear(&winsizes);
diff --git a/src/nvim/globals.h b/src/nvim/globals.h
index 578ed478c6..1a6c639261 100644
--- a/src/nvim/globals.h
+++ b/src/nvim/globals.h
@@ -1071,4 +1071,11 @@ EXTERN char windowsVersion[20] INIT(= { 0 });
 
 EXTERN int exit_need_delay INIT(= 0);
 
+///< Skip win_fix_cursor() call for 'splitkeep' when cmdwin is closed.
+EXTERN bool skip_win_fix_cursor INIT(= false);
+///< Skip win_fix_scroll() call for 'splitkeep' when closing tab page.
+EXTERN bool skip_win_fix_scroll INIT(= false);
+///< Skip update_topline() call while executing win_fix_scroll().
+EXTERN bool skip_update_topline INIT(= false);
+
 #endif  // NVIM_GLOBALS_H
diff --git a/src/nvim/main.c b/src/nvim/main.c
index 673b177463..5687e0a6a9 100644
--- a/src/nvim/main.c
+++ b/src/nvim/main.c
@@ -346,6 +346,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
       ui_builtin_start();
     }
     TIME_MSG("done waiting for UI");
+    firstwin->w_prev_height = firstwin->w_height;  // may have changed
   }
 
   // prepare screen now
diff --git a/src/nvim/move.c b/src/nvim/move.c
index 9d1d2e9cad..9b7755a828 100644
--- a/src/nvim/move.c
+++ b/src/nvim/move.c
@@ -140,6 +140,11 @@ void update_topline(win_T *wp)
   long *so_ptr = wp->w_p_so >= 0 ? &wp->w_p_so : &p_so;
   long save_so = *so_ptr;
 
+  // Cursor is updated instead when this is true for 'splitkeep'.
+  if (skip_update_topline) {
+    return;
+  }
+
   // If there is no valid screen and when the window height is zero just use
   // the cursor line.
   if (!default_grid.chars || wp->w_height_inner == 0) {
diff --git a/src/nvim/option_defs.h b/src/nvim/option_defs.h
index 4e48c992c2..25ef1fc091 100644
--- a/src/nvim/option_defs.h
+++ b/src/nvim/option_defs.h
@@ -729,6 +729,7 @@ EXTERN unsigned int tpf_flags;  ///< flags from 'termpastefilter'
 EXTERN char *p_tfu;             ///< 'tagfunc'
 EXTERN char *p_spc;             ///< 'spellcapcheck'
 EXTERN char *p_spf;             ///< 'spellfile'
+EXTERN char *p_spk;             ///< 'splitkeep'
 EXTERN char *p_spl;             ///< 'spelllang'
 EXTERN char *p_spo;             // 'spelloptions'
 EXTERN unsigned int spo_flags;
diff --git a/src/nvim/options.lua b/src/nvim/options.lua
index 82fd0d7428..149d0bace4 100644
--- a/src/nvim/options.lua
+++ b/src/nvim/options.lua
@@ -2357,6 +2357,13 @@ return {
       defaults={if_true=false}
     },
     {
+      full_name='splitkeep', abbreviation='spk',
+      short_desc=N_("determines scroll behavior for split windows"),
+      type='string', scope={'global'},
+      varname='p_spk',
+      defaults={if_true='cursor'}
+    },
+    {
       full_name='splitright', abbreviation='spr',
       short_desc=N_("new window is put right of the current one"),
       type='bool', scope={'global'},
diff --git a/src/nvim/optionstr.c b/src/nvim/optionstr.c
index aff88a755b..1da6fa15d7 100644
--- a/src/nvim/optionstr.c
+++ b/src/nvim/optionstr.c
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ static char *(p_ssop_values[]) = { "buffers", "winpos", "resize", "winsize", "lo
 // Keep in sync with SWB_ flags in option_defs.h
 static char *(p_swb_values[]) = { "useopen", "usetab", "split", "newtab", "vsplit", "uselast",
                                   NULL };
+static char *(p_spk_values[]) = { "cursor", "screen", "topline", NULL };
 static char *(p_tc_values[]) = { "followic", "ignore", "match", "followscs", "smart", NULL };
 static char *(p_ve_values[]) = { "block", "insert", "all", "onemore", "none", "NONE", NULL };
 static char *(p_wop_values[]) = { "tagfile", "pum", NULL };
@@ -1095,6 +1096,10 @@ char *did_set_string_option(int opt_idx, char **varp, char *oldval, char *errbuf
     if (opt_strings_flags(p_swb, p_swb_values, &swb_flags, true) != OK) {
       errmsg = e_invarg;
     }
+  } else if (varp == &p_spk) {  // 'splitkeep'
+    if (check_opt_strings(p_spk, p_spk_values, false) != OK) {
+      errmsg = e_invarg;
+    }
   } else if (varp == &p_debug) {  // 'debug'
     if (check_opt_strings(p_debug, p_debug_values, true) != OK) {
       errmsg = e_invarg;
diff --git a/src/nvim/testdir/test_window_cmd.vim b/src/nvim/testdir/test_window_cmd.vim
index b64f44360b..c4ce4d638c 100644
--- a/src/nvim/testdir/test_window_cmd.vim
+++ b/src/nvim/testdir/test_window_cmd.vim
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 " Tests for window cmd (:wincmd, :split, :vsplit, :resize and etc...)
 
+source check.vim
+source screendump.vim
+
 func Test_window_cmd_ls0_with_split()
   set ls=0
   set splitbelow
@@ -1486,5 +1489,258 @@ func Test_win_equal_last_status()
   set laststatus&
 endfunc
 
+" Test "screen" and "cursor" values for 'splitkeep' with a sequence of
+" split operations for various options: with and without a winbar,
+" tabline, for each possible value of 'laststatus', 'scrolloff',
+" 'equalalways', and with the cursor at the top, middle and bottom.
+func Test_splitkeep_options()
+  " disallow window resizing
+  " let save_WS = &t_WS
+  " set t_WS=
+
+  let gui = has("gui_running")
+  inoremap <expr> c "<cmd>copen<bar>wincmd k<CR>"
+  for run in range(0, 20)
+    let &splitkeep = run > 10 ? 'topline' : 'screen'
+    let &scrolloff = (!(run % 4) ? 0 : run)
+    let &laststatus = (run % 3)
+    let &splitbelow = (run % 3)
+    let &equalalways = (run % 2)
+    " Nvim: both windows have a winbar after splitting
+    " let wsb = (run % 2) && &splitbelow
+    let wsb = 0
+    let tl = (gui ? 0 : ((run % 5) ? 1 : 0))
+    let pos = !(run % 3) ? 'H' : ((run % 2) ? 'M' : 'L')
+    tabnew | tabonly! | redraw
+    execute (run % 5) ? 'tabnew' : ''
+    " execute (run % 2) ? 'nnoremenu 1.10 WinBar.Test :echo' : ''
+    let &winbar = (run % 2) ? '%f' : ''
+    call setline(1, range(1, 256))
+    " No scroll for restore_snapshot
+    norm G
+    try
+      copen | close | colder
+    catch /E380/
+    endtry
+    call assert_equal(257 - winheight(0), line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll for firstwin horizontal split
+    execute 'norm gg' . pos
+    split | redraw | wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    call assert_equal(&scroll, winheight(0) / 2)
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll when resizing windows
+    wincmd k | resize +2 | redraw
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll when dragging statusline
+    call win_move_statusline(1, -3)
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll when changing shellsize
+    set lines+=2
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    set lines-=2
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll when equalizing windows
+    wincmd =
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll in windows split multiple times
+    vsplit | split | 4wincmd w
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    1wincmd w | quit | wincmd l | split
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll in small window
+    2wincmd w | only | 5split | wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll for vertical split
+    quit | vsplit | wincmd l
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    wincmd h
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll in windows split and quit multiple times
+    quit | redraw | split | split | quit | redraw
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll for new buffer
+    1wincmd w | only | copen | wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    only
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    above copen | wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 1 : win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl, line("w0"))
+
+    " No scroll when opening cmdwin, and no cursor move when closing cmdwin.
+    only | norm ggL
+    let curpos = getcurpos()
+    norm q:
+    call assert_equal(1, line("w0"))
+    call assert_equal(curpos, getcurpos())
+
+    " Scroll when cursor becomes invalid in insert mode
+    norm Lic
+    call assert_equal(curpos, getcurpos())
+
+    " No scroll when topline not equal to 1
+    only | execute "norm gg5\<C-e>" | split | wincmd k
+    call assert_equal(6, line("w0"))
+    wincmd j
+    call assert_equal(&spk == 'topline' ? 6 : 5 + win_screenpos(0)[0] - tl - wsb, line("w0"))
+  endfor
+
+  tabnew | tabonly! | %bwipeout!
+  iunmap c
+  set scrolloff&
+  set splitbelow&
+  set laststatus&
+  set equalalways&
+  set splitkeep&
+  " let &t_WS = save_WS
+endfunc
+
+function Test_splitkeep_cmdwin_cursor_position()
+  set splitkeep=screen
+  call setline(1, range(&lines))
+
+  " No scroll when cursor is at near bottom of window and cusor position
+  " recompution (done by line('w0') in this test) happens while in cmdwin.
+  normal! G
+  let firstline = line('w0')
+  autocmd CmdwinEnter * ++once autocmd WinEnter * ++once call line('w0')
+  execute "normal! q:\<C-w>q"
+  redraw!
+  call assert_equal(firstline, line('w0'))
+
+  " User script can change cursor position successfully while in cmdwin and it
+  " shouldn't be changed when closing cmdwin.
+  execute "normal! Gq:\<Cmd>call win_execute(winnr('#')->win_getid(), 'call cursor(1, 1)')\<CR>\<C-w>q"
+  call assert_equal(1, line('.'))
+  call assert_equal(1, col('.'))
+
+  execute "normal! Gq:\<Cmd>autocmd WinEnter * ++once call cursor(1, 1)\<CR>\<C-w>q"
+  call assert_equal(1, line('.'))
+  call assert_equal(1, col('.'))
+
+  %bwipeout!
+  set splitkeep&
+endfunction
+
+function Test_splitkeep_misc()
+  set splitkeep=screen
+  set splitbelow
+
+  call setline(1, range(1, &lines))
+  norm Gzz
+  let top = line('w0')
+  " No scroll when aucmd_win is opened
+  call setbufvar(bufnr("test", 1) , '&buftype', 'nofile')
+  call assert_equal(top, line('w0'))
+  " No scroll when tab is changed/closed
+  tab help | close
+  call assert_equal(top, line('w0'))
+  " No scroll when help is closed and buffer line count < window height
+  norm ggdG
+  call setline(1, range(1, &lines - 10))
+  norm G
+  let top = line('w0')
+  help | quit
+  call assert_equal(top, line('w0'))
+  " No error when resizing window in autocmd and buffer length changed
+  autocmd FileType qf exe "resize" line('$')
+  cexpr getline(1, '$')
+  copen
+  wincmd p
+  norm dd
+  cexpr getline(1, '$')
+
+  %bwipeout!
+  set splitbelow&
+  set splitkeep&
+endfunc
+
+function Test_splitkeep_callback()
+  CheckScreendump
+  let lines =<< trim END
+    set splitkeep=screen
+    call setline(1, range(&lines))
+    function C1(a, b)
+      split | wincmd p
+    endfunction
+    function C2(a, b)
+      close | split
+    endfunction
+    nn j <cmd>call job_start([&sh, &shcf, "true"], { 'exit_cb': 'C1' })<CR>
+    nn t <cmd>call popup_create(term_start([&sh, &shcf, "true"],
+          \ { 'hidden': 1, 'exit_cb': 'C2' }), {})<CR>
+  END
+  call writefile(lines, 'XTestSplitkeepCallback', 'D')
+  let buf = RunVimInTerminal('-S XTestSplitkeepCallback', #{rows: 8})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, "j")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_callback_1', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, ":quit\<CR>Ht")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_callback_2', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, ":set sb\<CR>:quit\<CR>Gj")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_callback_3', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, ":quit\<CR>Gt")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_callback_4', {})
+endfunc
+
+function Test_splitkeep_fold()
+  CheckScreendump
+
+  let lines =<< trim END
+    set splitkeep=screen
+    set foldmethod=marker
+    set number
+    let line = 1
+    for n in range(1, &lines)
+      call setline(line, ['int FuncName() {/*{{{*/', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, '}/*}}}*/',
+            \ 'after fold'])
+      let line += 8
+    endfor
+  END
+  call writefile(lines, 'XTestSplitkeepFold', 'D')
+  let buf = RunVimInTerminal('-S XTestSplitkeepFold', #{rows: 10})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, "L:wincmd s\<CR>")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_fold_1', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, ":quit\<CR>")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_fold_2', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, "H:below split\<CR>")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_fold_3', {})
+
+  call term_sendkeys(buf, ":wincmd k\<CR>:quit\<CR>")
+  call VerifyScreenDump(buf, 'Test_splitkeep_fold_4', {})
+endfunction
 
 " vim: shiftwidth=2 sts=2 expandtab
diff --git a/src/nvim/window.c b/src/nvim/window.c
index 242ff1fb12..ecd713013f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/window.c
+++ b/src/nvim/window.c
@@ -1487,6 +1487,8 @@ int win_split_ins(int size, int flags, win_T *new_wp, int dir)
   // equalize the window sizes.
   if (do_equal || dir != 0) {
     win_equal(wp, true, (flags & WSP_VERT) ? (dir == 'v' ? 'b' : 'h') : (dir == 'h' ? 'b' : 'v'));
+  } else if (*p_spk != 'c' && wp != aucmd_win) {
+    win_fix_scroll(false);
   }
 
   // Don't change the window height/width to 'winheight' / 'winwidth' if a
@@ -1558,6 +1560,12 @@ static void win_init(win_T *newp, win_T *oldp, int flags)
   newp->w_prevdir = (oldp->w_prevdir == NULL)
                     ? NULL : xstrdup(oldp->w_prevdir);
 
+  if (*p_spk != 'c') {
+    newp->w_botline = oldp->w_botline;
+    newp->w_prev_height = oldp->w_height;
+    newp->w_prev_winrow = oldp->w_winrow;
+  }
+
   // copy tagstack and folds
   for (i = 0; i < oldp->w_tagstacklen; i++) {
     taggy_T *tag = &newp->w_tagstack[i];
@@ -2066,6 +2074,9 @@ void win_equal(win_T *next_curwin, bool current, int dir)
   win_equal_rec(next_curwin == NULL ? curwin : next_curwin, current,
                 topframe, dir, 0, tabline_height(),
                 Columns, topframe->fr_height);
+  if (*p_spk != 'c' && next_curwin != aucmd_win) {
+    win_fix_scroll(true);
+  }
 }
 
 /// Set a frame to a new position and height, spreading the available room
@@ -2858,6 +2869,9 @@ int win_close(win_T *win, bool free_buf, bool force)
       win_equal(curwin, curwin->w_frame->fr_parent == win_frame, dir);
     } else {
       (void)win_comp_pos();
+      if (*p_spk != 'c') {
+        win_fix_scroll(false);
+      }
     }
   }
 
@@ -3944,6 +3958,7 @@ static void new_frame(win_T *wp)
 void win_init_size(void)
 {
   firstwin->w_height = (int)ROWS_AVAIL;
+  firstwin->w_prev_height = (int)ROWS_AVAIL;
   firstwin->w_height_inner = firstwin->w_height - firstwin->w_winbar_height;
   firstwin->w_height_outer = firstwin->w_height;
   firstwin->w_winrow_off = firstwin->w_winbar_height;
@@ -4050,6 +4065,7 @@ int win_new_tabpage(int after, char_u *filename)
 
     win_init_size();
     firstwin->w_winrow = tabline_height();
+    firstwin->w_prev_winrow = firstwin->w_winrow;
     win_comp_scroll(curwin);
 
     newtp->tp_topframe = topframe;
@@ -4407,6 +4423,7 @@ void goto_tabpage_tp(tabpage_T *tp, bool trigger_enter_autocmds, bool trigger_le
   // Don't repeat a message in another tab page.
   set_keep_msg(NULL, 0);
 
+  skip_win_fix_scroll = true;
   if (tp != curtab && leave_tabpage(tp->tp_curwin->w_buffer,
                                     trigger_leave_autocmds) == OK) {
     if (valid_tabpage(tp)) {
@@ -4417,6 +4434,7 @@ void goto_tabpage_tp(tabpage_T *tp, bool trigger_enter_autocmds, bool trigger_le
                     trigger_leave_autocmds);
     }
   }
+  skip_win_fix_scroll = false;
 }
 
 /// Go to the last accessed tab page, if there is one.
@@ -4747,7 +4765,9 @@ static void win_enter_ext(win_T *const wp, const int flags)
 
   // Might need to scroll the old window before switching, e.g., when the
   // cursor was moved.
-  update_topline(curwin);
+  if (*p_spk == 'c') {
+    update_topline(curwin);
+  }
 
   // may have to copy the buffer options when 'cpo' contains 'S'
   if (wp->w_buffer != curbuf) {
@@ -4764,7 +4784,11 @@ static void win_enter_ext(win_T *const wp, const int flags)
   if (!virtual_active()) {
     curwin->w_cursor.coladd = 0;
   }
-  changed_line_abv_curs();      // assume cursor position needs updating
+  if (*p_spk == 'c') {
+    changed_line_abv_curs();      // assume cursor position needs updating
+  } else {
+    win_fix_cursor(true);
+  }
 
   fix_current_dir();
 
@@ -5238,6 +5262,10 @@ void win_new_screen_rows(void)
   win_reconfig_floats();  // The size of floats might change
   compute_cmdrow();
   curtab->tp_ch_used = p_ch;
+
+  if (*p_spk != 'c' && !skip_win_fix_scroll) {
+    win_fix_scroll(true);
+  }
 }
 
 /// Called from win_new_screensize() after Columns changed.
@@ -5435,6 +5463,11 @@ void win_setheight_win(int height, win_T *win)
     curtab->tp_ch_used = p_ch;
     msg_row = row;
     msg_col = 0;
+
+    if (*p_spk != 'c') {
+      win_fix_scroll(true);
+    }
+
     redraw_all_later(UPD_NOT_VALID);
     redraw_cmdline = true;
   }
@@ -5921,6 +5954,11 @@ void win_drag_status_line(win_T *dragwin, int offset)
   cmdline_row = row;
   p_ch = MAX(Rows - cmdline_row, p_ch_was_zero ? 0 : 1);
   curtab->tp_ch_used = p_ch;
+
+  if (*p_spk != 'c') {
+    win_fix_scroll(true);
+  }
+
   redraw_all_later(UPD_SOME_VALID);
   showmode();
 }
@@ -6043,6 +6081,99 @@ void set_fraction(win_T *wp)
   }
 }
 
+/// Handle scroll position for 'splitkeep'.  Replaces scroll_to_fraction()
+/// call from win_set_inner_size().  Instead we iterate over all windows in a
+/// tabpage and calculate the new scroll position.
+/// TODO(luukvbaal): Ensure this also works with wrapped lines.
+/// Requires topline to be able to be set to a bufferline with some
+/// offset(row-wise scrolling/smoothscroll).
+void win_fix_scroll(int resize)
+{
+  linenr_T lnum;
+
+  skip_update_topline = true;
+  FOR_ALL_WINDOWS_IN_TAB(wp, curtab) {
+    // Skip when window height has not changed or when floating.
+    if (!wp->w_floating && wp->w_height != wp->w_prev_height) {
+      // If window has moved update botline to keep the same screenlines.
+      if (*p_spk == 's' && wp->w_winrow != wp->w_prev_winrow
+          && wp->w_botline - 1 <= wp->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count) {
+        lnum = wp->w_cursor.lnum;
+        int diff = (wp->w_winrow - wp->w_prev_winrow)
+                   + (wp->w_height - wp->w_prev_height);
+        wp->w_cursor.lnum = wp->w_botline - 1;
+        // Add difference in height and row to botline.
+        if (diff > 0) {
+          cursor_down_inner(wp, diff);
+        } else {
+          cursor_up_inner(wp, -diff);
+        }
+        // Bring the new cursor position to the bottom of the screen.
+        wp->w_fraction = FRACTION_MULT;
+        scroll_to_fraction(wp, wp->w_prev_height);
+        wp->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+      } else if (wp == curwin) {
+        wp->w_valid &= ~VALID_CROW;
+      }
+      invalidate_botline_win(wp);
+      validate_botline(wp);
+    }
+    win_comp_scroll(wp);
+    wp->w_prev_height = wp->w_height;
+    wp->w_prev_winrow = wp->w_winrow;
+  }
+  skip_update_topline = false;
+  // Ensure cursor is valid when not in normal mode or when resized.
+  if (!(get_real_state() & (MODE_NORMAL|MODE_CMDLINE|MODE_TERMINAL))) {
+    win_fix_cursor(false);
+  } else if (resize) {
+    win_fix_cursor(true);
+  }
+}
+
+/// Make sure the cursor position is valid for 'splitkeep'.
+/// If it is not, put the cursor position in the jumplist and move it.
+/// If we are not in normal mode, scroll to make valid instead.
+static void win_fix_cursor(int normal)
+{
+  win_T *wp = curwin;
+  long so = get_scrolloff_value(wp);
+  linenr_T nlnum = 0;
+  linenr_T lnum = wp->w_cursor.lnum;
+
+  if (wp->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count < wp->w_height
+      || skip_win_fix_cursor) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Determine valid cursor range.
+  so = MIN(wp->w_height_inner / 2, so);
+  wp->w_cursor.lnum = wp->w_topline;
+  linenr_T top = cursor_down_inner(wp, so);
+  wp->w_cursor.lnum = wp->w_botline - 1;
+  linenr_T bot = cursor_up_inner(wp, so);
+  wp->w_cursor.lnum = lnum;
+  // Check if cursor position is above or below valid cursor range.
+  if (lnum > bot && (wp->w_botline - wp->w_buffer->b_ml.ml_line_count) != 1) {
+    nlnum = bot;
+  } else if (lnum < top && wp->w_topline != 1) {
+    nlnum = (so == wp->w_height / 2) ? bot : top;
+  }
+
+  if (nlnum) {  // Cursor is invalid for current scroll position.
+    if (normal) {
+      // Save to jumplist and set cursor to avoid scrolling.
+      setmark('\'');
+      wp->w_cursor.lnum = nlnum;
+    } else {
+      // Scroll instead when not in normal mode.
+      wp->w_fraction = (nlnum == bot) ? FRACTION_MULT : 0;
+      scroll_to_fraction(wp, wp->w_prev_height);
+      validate_botline(curwin);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 // Set the height of a window.
 // "height" excludes any window toolbar.
 // This takes care of the things inside the window, not what happens to the
@@ -6181,7 +6312,7 @@ void win_set_inner_size(win_T *wp, bool valid_cursor)
 
   if (height != prev_height) {
     if (height > 0 && valid_cursor) {
-      if (wp == curwin) {
+      if (wp == curwin && *p_spk == 'c') {
         // w_wrow needs to be valid. When setting 'laststatus' this may
         // call win_new_height() recursively.
         validate_cursor();
@@ -6198,7 +6329,7 @@ void win_set_inner_size(win_T *wp, bool valid_cursor)
 
     // There is no point in adjusting the scroll position when exiting.  Some
     // values might be invalid.
-    if (!exiting && valid_cursor) {
+    if (valid_cursor && !exiting && *p_spk == 'c') {
       scroll_to_fraction(wp, prev_height);
     }
     redraw_later(wp, UPD_SOME_VALID);
@@ -6211,8 +6342,10 @@ void win_set_inner_size(win_T *wp, bool valid_cursor)
       changed_line_abv_curs_win(wp);
       invalidate_botline_win(wp);
       if (wp == curwin) {
+        skip_update_topline = (*p_spk != 'c');
         update_topline(wp);
         curs_columns(wp, true);  // validate w_wrow
+        skip_update_topline = false;
       }
     }
     redraw_later(wp, UPD_NOT_VALID);
@@ -6252,7 +6385,7 @@ void win_comp_scroll(win_T *wp)
 {
   const long old_w_p_scr = wp->w_p_scr;
 
-  wp->w_p_scr = wp->w_height / 2;
+  wp->w_p_scr = wp->w_height_inner / 2;
   if (wp->w_p_scr == 0) {
     wp->w_p_scr = 1;
   }
@@ -6606,6 +6739,10 @@ static void last_status_rec(frame_T *fr, bool statusline, bool is_stl_global)
         }
         comp_col();
       }
+      // Set prev_height when difference is due to 'laststatus'.
+      if (abs(wp->w_height - wp->w_prev_height) == 1) {
+        wp->w_prev_height = wp->w_height;
+      }
     } else if (wp->w_status_height != 0 && is_stl_global) {
       // If statusline is global and the window has a statusline, replace it with a horizontal
       // separator
diff --git a/test/functional/legacy/window_cmd_spec.lua b/test/functional/legacy/window_cmd_spec.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8b89c55f5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/functional/legacy/window_cmd_spec.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+local helpers = require('test.functional.helpers')(after_each)
+local Screen = require('test.functional.ui.screen')
+local clear = helpers.clear
+local exec = helpers.exec
+local exec_lua = helpers.exec_lua
+local feed = helpers.feed
+
+describe('splitkeep', function()
+  local screen = Screen.new()
+  before_each(function()
+    clear('--cmd', 'set splitkeep=screen')
+    screen:attach()
+  end)
+
+  -- oldtest: Test_splitkeep_callback()
+  it('does not scroll when split in callback', function()
+    exec([[
+      call setline(1, range(&lines))
+      function C1(a, b, c)
+        split | wincmd p
+      endfunction
+      function C2(a, b, c)
+        close | split
+      endfunction
+    ]])
+    exec_lua([[
+      vim.api.nvim_set_keymap("n", "j", "", { callback = function()
+        vim.cmd("call jobstart([&sh, &shcf, 'true'], { 'on_exit': 'C1' })")
+      end
+    })]])
+    exec_lua([[
+      vim.api.nvim_set_keymap("n", "t", "", { callback = function()
+        vim.api.nvim_set_current_win(
+          vim.api.nvim_open_win(vim.api.nvim_create_buf(false, {}), false, {
+          width = 10,
+            relative = "cursor",
+            height = 4,
+            row = 0,
+            col = 0,
+          }))
+          vim.cmd("call termopen([&sh, &shcf, 'true'], { 'on_exit': 'C2' })")
+      end
+    })]])
+    feed('j')
+    screen:expect([[
+      0                                                    |
+      1                                                    |
+      2                                                    |
+      3                                                    |
+      4                                                    |
+      5                                                    |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      ^7                                                    |
+      8                                                    |
+      9                                                    |
+      10                                                   |
+      11                                                   |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+                                                           |
+    ]])
+    feed(':quit<CR>Ht')
+    screen:expect([[
+      ^0                                                    |
+      1                                                    |
+      2                                                    |
+      3                                                    |
+      4                                                    |
+      5                                                    |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      7                                                    |
+      8                                                    |
+      9                                                    |
+      10                                                   |
+      11                                                   |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      :quit                                                |
+    ]])
+    feed(':set sb<CR>:quit<CR>Gj')
+    screen:expect([[
+      1                                                    |
+      2                                                    |
+      3                                                    |
+      4                                                    |
+      ^5                                                    |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      7                                                    |
+      8                                                    |
+      9                                                    |
+      10                                                   |
+      11                                                   |
+      12                                                   |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      :quit                                                |
+    ]])
+    feed(':quit<CR>Gt')
+    screen:expect([[
+      1                                                    |
+      2                                                    |
+      3                                                    |
+      4                                                    |
+      5                                                    |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      7                                                    |
+      8                                                    |
+      9                                                    |
+      10                                                   |
+      11                                                   |
+      ^12                                                   |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      :quit                                                |
+    ]])
+  end)
+
+  -- oldtest: Test_splitkeep_fold()
+  it('does not scroll when window has closed folds', function()
+    exec([[
+      set splitkeep=screen
+      set foldmethod=marker
+      set number
+      let line = 1
+      for n in range(1, &lines)
+        call setline(line, ['int FuncName() {/*{{{*/', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, '}/*}}}*/',
+              \ 'after fold'])
+        let line += 8
+      endfor
+    ]])
+    feed('L:wincmd s<CR>')
+    screen:expect([[
+        1 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+        8 after fold                                       |
+        9 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       16 after fold                                       |
+       17 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       24 ^after fold                                       |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+       32 after fold                                       |
+       33 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       40 after fold                                       |
+       41 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       48 after fold                                       |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      :wincmd s                                            |
+    ]])
+    feed(':quit<CR>')
+    screen:expect([[
+        1 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+        8 after fold                                       |
+        9 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       16 after fold                                       |
+       17 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       24 after fold                                       |
+       25 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       32 after fold                                       |
+       33 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       40 after fold                                       |
+       41 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       48 after fold                                       |
+       49 ^+--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+      :quit                                                |
+    ]])
+    feed('H:below split<CR>')
+    screen:expect([[
+        1 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+        8 after fold                                       |
+        9 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       16 after fold                                       |
+       17 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+       25 ^+--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       32 after fold                                       |
+       33 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       40 after fold                                       |
+       41 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       48 after fold                                       |
+      [No Name] [+]                                        |
+      :below split                                         |
+    ]])
+    feed(':wincmd k<CR>:quit<CR>')
+    screen:expect([[
+        1 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+        8 after fold                                       |
+        9 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       16 after fold                                       |
+       17 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       24 after fold                                       |
+       25 ^+--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       32 after fold                                       |
+       33 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       40 after fold                                       |
+       41 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+       48 after fold                                       |
+       49 +--  7 lines: int FuncName() {···················|
+      :quit                                                |
+    ]])
+  end)
+end)