Merge pull request #27534 from bfredl/userarena

refactor(api): next PR to make use of the arena

7 files changed, 107 insertions, 109 deletions

diff --git a/src/nvim/api/command.c b/src/nvim/api/command.c
index a21c9e70a7..f2d5342a5f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/api/command.c
+++ b/src/nvim/api/command.c
@@ -1166,10 +1166,10 @@ err:
 /// @param[out]  err   Error details, if any.
 ///
 /// @returns Map of maps describing commands.
-Dictionary nvim_get_commands(Dict(get_commands) *opts, Error *err)
+Dictionary nvim_get_commands(Dict(get_commands) *opts, Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(4)
 {
-  return nvim_buf_get_commands(-1, opts, err);
+  return nvim_buf_get_commands(-1, opts, arena, err);
 }
 
 /// Gets a map of buffer-local |user-commands|.
@@ -1179,7 +1179,7 @@ Dictionary nvim_get_commands(Dict(get_commands) *opts, Error *err)
 /// @param[out]  err   Error details, if any.
 ///
 /// @returns Map of maps describing commands.
-Dictionary nvim_buf_get_commands(Buffer buffer, Dict(get_commands) *opts, Error *err)
+Dictionary nvim_buf_get_commands(Buffer buffer, Dict(get_commands) *opts, Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(4)
 {
   bool global = (buffer == -1);
@@ -1192,12 +1192,12 @@ Dictionary nvim_buf_get_commands(Buffer buffer, Dict(get_commands) *opts, Error
       api_set_error(err, kErrorTypeValidation, "builtin=true not implemented");
       return (Dictionary)ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
     }
-    return commands_array(NULL);
+    return commands_array(NULL, arena);
   }
 
   buf_T *buf = find_buffer_by_handle(buffer, err);
   if (opts->builtin || !buf) {
     return (Dictionary)ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
   }
-  return commands_array(buf);
+  return commands_array(buf, arena);
 }
diff --git a/src/nvim/api/private/helpers.c b/src/nvim/api/private/helpers.c
index 63c5689109..14f4046a56 100644
--- a/src/nvim/api/private/helpers.c
+++ b/src/nvim/api/private/helpers.c
@@ -456,9 +456,10 @@ String ga_take_string(garray_T *ga)
 /// @param input  Binary string
 /// @param crlf  Also break lines at CR and CRLF.
 /// @return [allocated] String array
-Array string_to_array(const String input, bool crlf)
+Array string_to_array(const String input, bool crlf, Arena *arena)
 {
-  Array ret = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  ArrayBuilder ret = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  kvi_init(ret);
   for (size_t i = 0; i < input.size; i++) {
     const char *start = input.data + i;
     const char *end = start;
@@ -473,20 +474,17 @@ Array string_to_array(const String input, bool crlf)
     if (crlf && *end == CAR && i + 1 < input.size && *(end + 1) == NL) {
       i += 1;  // Advance past CRLF.
     }
-    String s = {
-      .size = line_len,
-      .data = xmemdupz(start, line_len),
-    };
+    String s = CBUF_TO_ARENA_STR(arena, start, line_len);
     memchrsub(s.data, NUL, NL, line_len);
-    ADD(ret, STRING_OBJ(s));
+    kvi_push(ret, STRING_OBJ(s));
     // If line ends at end-of-buffer, add empty final item.
     // This is "readfile()-style", see also ":help channel-lines".
     if (i + 1 == input.size && (*end == NL || (crlf && *end == CAR))) {
-      ADD(ret, STRING_OBJ(STRING_INIT));
+      kvi_push(ret, STRING_OBJ(STRING_INIT));
     }
   }
 
-  return ret;
+  return arena_take_arraybuilder(arena, &ret);
 }
 
 /// Normalizes 0-based indexes to buffer line numbers.
diff --git a/src/nvim/api/tabpage.c b/src/nvim/api/tabpage.c
index 109075df8e..040abb1e3f 100644
--- a/src/nvim/api/tabpage.c
+++ b/src/nvim/api/tabpage.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /// @param tabpage  Tabpage handle, or 0 for current tabpage
 /// @param[out] err Error details, if any
 /// @return List of windows in `tabpage`
-ArrayOf(Window) nvim_tabpage_list_wins(Tabpage tabpage, Error *err)
+ArrayOf(Window) nvim_tabpage_list_wins(Tabpage tabpage, Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(1)
 {
   Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@ ArrayOf(Window) nvim_tabpage_list_wins(Tabpage tabpage, Error *err)
     return rv;
   }
 
+  size_t n = 0;
   FOR_ALL_WINDOWS_IN_TAB(wp, tab) {
-    rv.size++;
+    n++;
   }
 
-  rv.items = xmalloc(sizeof(Object) * rv.size);
-  size_t i = 0;
+  rv = arena_array(arena, n);
 
   FOR_ALL_WINDOWS_IN_TAB(wp, tab) {
-    rv.items[i++] = WINDOW_OBJ(wp->handle);
+    ADD_C(rv, WINDOW_OBJ(wp->handle));
   }
 
   return rv;
diff --git a/src/nvim/api/vim.c b/src/nvim/api/vim.c
index d161dca050..e472f5d160 100644
--- a/src/nvim/api/vim.c
+++ b/src/nvim/api/vim.c
@@ -543,17 +543,22 @@ Integer nvim_strwidth(String text, Error *err)
 /// Gets the paths contained in |runtime-search-path|.
 ///
 /// @return List of paths
-ArrayOf(String) nvim_list_runtime_paths(Error *err)
+ArrayOf(String) nvim_list_runtime_paths(Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(1)
 {
-  return nvim_get_runtime_file(NULL_STRING, true, err);
+  return nvim_get_runtime_file(NULL_STRING, true, arena, err);
 }
 
-Array nvim__runtime_inspect(void)
+Array nvim__runtime_inspect(Arena *arena)
 {
-  return runtime_inspect();
+  return runtime_inspect(arena);
 }
 
+typedef struct {
+  ArrayBuilder rv;
+  Arena *arena;
+} RuntimeCookie;
+
 /// Find files in runtime directories
 ///
 /// "name" can contain wildcards. For example
@@ -566,25 +571,27 @@ Array nvim__runtime_inspect(void)
 /// @param name pattern of files to search for
 /// @param all whether to return all matches or only the first
 /// @return list of absolute paths to the found files
-ArrayOf(String) nvim_get_runtime_file(String name, Boolean all, Error *err)
+ArrayOf(String) nvim_get_runtime_file(String name, Boolean all, Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(7)
   FUNC_API_FAST
 {
-  Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  RuntimeCookie cookie = { .rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT, .arena = arena, };
+  kvi_init(cookie.rv);
 
   int flags = DIP_DIRFILE | (all ? DIP_ALL : 0);
 
   TRY_WRAP(err, {
-    do_in_runtimepath((name.size ? name.data : ""), flags, find_runtime_cb, &rv);
+    do_in_runtimepath((name.size ? name.data : ""), flags, find_runtime_cb, &cookie);
   });
-  return rv;
+  return arena_take_arraybuilder(arena, &cookie.rv);
 }
 
-static bool find_runtime_cb(int num_fnames, char **fnames, bool all, void *cookie)
+static bool find_runtime_cb(int num_fnames, char **fnames, bool all, void *c)
 {
-  Array *rv = (Array *)cookie;
+  RuntimeCookie *cookie = (RuntimeCookie *)c;
   for (int i = 0; i < num_fnames; i++) {
-    ADD(*rv, CSTR_TO_OBJ(fnames[i]));
+    // TODO(bfredl): consider memory management of gen_expand_wildcards() itself
+    kvi_push(cookie->rv, CSTR_TO_ARENA_OBJ(cookie->arena, fnames[i]));
     if (!all) {
       return true;
     }
@@ -825,20 +832,19 @@ void nvim_err_writeln(String str)
 /// Use |nvim_buf_is_loaded()| to check if a buffer is loaded.
 ///
 /// @return List of buffer handles
-ArrayOf(Buffer) nvim_list_bufs(void)
+ArrayOf(Buffer) nvim_list_bufs(Arena *arena)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(1)
 {
-  Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  size_t n = 0;
 
   FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(b) {
-    rv.size++;
+    n++;
   }
 
-  rv.items = xmalloc(sizeof(Object) * rv.size);
-  size_t i = 0;
+  Array rv = arena_array(arena, n);
 
   FOR_ALL_BUFFERS(b) {
-    rv.items[i++] = BUFFER_OBJ(b->handle);
+    ADD_C(rv, BUFFER_OBJ(b->handle));
   }
 
   return rv;
@@ -880,20 +886,19 @@ void nvim_set_current_buf(Buffer buffer, Error *err)
 /// Gets the current list of window handles.
 ///
 /// @return List of window handles
-ArrayOf(Window) nvim_list_wins(void)
+ArrayOf(Window) nvim_list_wins(Arena *arena)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(1)
 {
-  Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  size_t n = 0;
 
   FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp) {
-    rv.size++;
+    n++;
   }
 
-  rv.items = xmalloc(sizeof(Object) * rv.size);
-  size_t i = 0;
+  Array rv = arena_array(arena, n);
 
   FOR_ALL_TAB_WINDOWS(tp, wp) {
-    rv.items[i++] = WINDOW_OBJ(wp->handle);
+    ADD_C(rv, WINDOW_OBJ(wp->handle));
   }
 
   return rv;
@@ -1117,20 +1122,19 @@ void nvim_chan_send(Integer chan, String data, Error *err)
 /// Gets the current list of tabpage handles.
 ///
 /// @return List of tabpage handles
-ArrayOf(Tabpage) nvim_list_tabpages(void)
+ArrayOf(Tabpage) nvim_list_tabpages(Arena *arena)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(1)
 {
-  Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  size_t n = 0;
 
   FOR_ALL_TABS(tp) {
-    rv.size++;
+    n++;
   }
 
-  rv.items = xmalloc(sizeof(Object) * rv.size);
-  size_t i = 0;
+  Array rv = arena_array(arena, n);
 
   FOR_ALL_TABS(tp) {
-    rv.items[i++] = TABPAGE_OBJ(tp->handle);
+    ADD_C(rv, TABPAGE_OBJ(tp->handle));
   }
 
   return rv;
@@ -1201,14 +1205,13 @@ Boolean nvim_paste(String data, Boolean crlf, Integer phase, Arena *arena, Error
   VALIDATE_INT((phase >= -1 && phase <= 3), "phase", phase, {
     return false;
   });
-  Array lines = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
   if (phase == -1 || phase == 1) {  // Start of paste-stream.
     draining = false;
   } else if (draining) {
     // Skip remaining chunks.  Report error only once per "stream".
     goto theend;
   }
-  lines = string_to_array(data, crlf);
+  Array lines = string_to_array(data, crlf, arena);
   MAXSIZE_TEMP_ARRAY(args, 2);
   ADD_C(args, ARRAY_OBJ(lines));
   ADD_C(args, INTEGER_OBJ(phase));
@@ -1239,7 +1242,6 @@ Boolean nvim_paste(String data, Boolean crlf, Integer phase, Arena *arena, Error
     AppendCharToRedobuff(ESC);  // Dot-repeat.
   }
 theend:
-  api_free_array(lines);
   if (cancel || phase == -1 || phase == 3) {  // End of paste-stream.
     draining = false;
   }
@@ -1260,24 +1262,27 @@ theend:
 /// @param after  If true insert after cursor (like |p|), or before (like |P|).
 /// @param follow  If true place cursor at end of inserted text.
 /// @param[out] err Error details, if any
-void nvim_put(ArrayOf(String) lines, String type, Boolean after, Boolean follow, Error *err)
+void nvim_put(ArrayOf(String) lines, String type, Boolean after, Boolean follow, Arena *arena,
+              Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(6)
   FUNC_API_TEXTLOCK_ALLOW_CMDWIN
 {
-  yankreg_T *reg = xcalloc(1, sizeof(yankreg_T));
+  yankreg_T reg[1] = { 0 };
   VALIDATE_S((prepare_yankreg_from_object(reg, type, lines.size)), "type", type.data, {
-    goto cleanup;
+    return;
   });
   if (lines.size == 0) {
-    goto cleanup;  // Nothing to do.
+    return;  // Nothing to do.
   }
 
+  reg->y_array = arena_alloc(arena, lines.size * sizeof(uint8_t *), true);
+  reg->y_size = lines.size;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size; i++) {
     VALIDATE_T("line", kObjectTypeString, lines.items[i].type, {
-      goto cleanup;
+      return;
     });
     String line = lines.items[i].data.string;
-    reg->y_array[i] = xmemdupz(line.data, line.size);
+    reg->y_array[i] = arena_memdupz(arena, line.data, line.size);
     memchrsub(reg->y_array[i], NUL, NL, line.size);
   }
 
@@ -1290,10 +1295,6 @@ void nvim_put(ArrayOf(String) lines, String type, Boolean after, Boolean follow,
     msg_silent--;
     VIsual_active = VIsual_was_active;
   });
-
-cleanup:
-  free_register(reg);
-  xfree(reg);
 }
 
 /// Subscribes to event broadcasts.
@@ -1583,13 +1584,12 @@ Array nvim_get_api_info(uint64_t channel_id, Arena *arena)
 ///
 /// @param[out] err Error details, if any
 void nvim_set_client_info(uint64_t channel_id, String name, Dictionary version, String type,
-                          Dictionary methods, Dictionary attributes, Error *err)
+                          Dictionary methods, Dictionary attributes, Arena *arena, Error *err)
   FUNC_API_SINCE(4) FUNC_API_REMOTE_ONLY
 {
-  Dictionary info = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
-  PUT(info, "name", copy_object(STRING_OBJ(name), NULL));
+  MAXSIZE_TEMP_DICT(info, 5);
+  PUT_C(info, "name", STRING_OBJ(name));
 
-  version = copy_dictionary(version, NULL);
   bool has_major = false;
   for (size_t i = 0; i < version.size; i++) {
     if (strequal(version.items[i].key.data, "major")) {
@@ -1598,15 +1598,21 @@ void nvim_set_client_info(uint64_t channel_id, String name, Dictionary version,
     }
   }
   if (!has_major) {
-    PUT(version, "major", INTEGER_OBJ(0));
+    Dictionary v = arena_dict(arena, version.size + 1);
+    if (version.size) {
+      memcpy(v.items, version.items, version.size * sizeof(v.items[0]));
+      v.size = version.size;
+    }
+    PUT_C(v, "major", INTEGER_OBJ(0));
+    version = v;
   }
-  PUT(info, "version", DICTIONARY_OBJ(version));
+  PUT_C(info, "version", DICTIONARY_OBJ(version));
 
-  PUT(info, "type", copy_object(STRING_OBJ(type), NULL));
-  PUT(info, "methods", DICTIONARY_OBJ(copy_dictionary(methods, NULL)));
-  PUT(info, "attributes", DICTIONARY_OBJ(copy_dictionary(attributes, NULL)));
+  PUT_C(info, "type", STRING_OBJ(type));
+  PUT_C(info, "methods", DICTIONARY_OBJ(methods));
+  PUT_C(info, "attributes", DICTIONARY_OBJ(attributes));
 
-  rpc_set_client_info(channel_id, info);
+  rpc_set_client_info(channel_id, copy_dictionary(info, NULL));
 }
 
 /// Gets information about a channel.
diff --git a/src/nvim/ops.c b/src/nvim/ops.c
index f91df49e4f..e7a3aa29aa 100644
--- a/src/nvim/ops.c
+++ b/src/nvim/ops.c
@@ -6499,8 +6499,6 @@ bool prepare_yankreg_from_object(yankreg_T *reg, String regtype, size_t lines)
     }
   }
 
-  reg->y_array = xcalloc(lines, sizeof(uint8_t *));
-  reg->y_size = lines;
   reg->additional_data = NULL;
   reg->timestamp = 0;
   return true;
@@ -6513,7 +6511,6 @@ void finish_yankreg_from_object(yankreg_T *reg, bool clipboard_adjust)
     // but otherwise there is no line after the final newline
     if (reg->y_type != kMTCharWise) {
       if (reg->y_type == kMTUnknown || clipboard_adjust) {
-        xfree(reg->y_array[reg->y_size - 1]);
         reg->y_size--;
       }
       if (reg->y_type == kMTUnknown) {
diff --git a/src/nvim/runtime.c b/src/nvim/runtime.c
index 44fcc29ad1..fb6397f9eb 100644
--- a/src/nvim/runtime.c
+++ b/src/nvim/runtime.c
@@ -574,20 +574,20 @@ static int do_in_cached_path(char *name, int flags, DoInRuntimepathCB callback,
   return did_one ? OK : FAIL;
 }
 
-Array runtime_inspect(void)
+Array runtime_inspect(Arena *arena)
 {
   RuntimeSearchPath path = runtime_search_path;
-  Array rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+  Array rv = arena_array(arena, kv_size(path));
 
   for (size_t i = 0; i < kv_size(path); i++) {
     SearchPathItem *item = &kv_A(path, i);
     Array entry = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
-    ADD(entry, CSTR_TO_OBJ(item->path));
-    ADD(entry, BOOLEAN_OBJ(item->after));
+    ADD_C(entry, CSTR_AS_OBJ(item->path));
+    ADD_C(entry, BOOLEAN_OBJ(item->after));
     if (item->has_lua != kNone) {
-      ADD(entry, BOOLEAN_OBJ(item->has_lua == kTrue));
+      ADD_C(entry, BOOLEAN_OBJ(item->has_lua == kTrue));
     }
-    ADD(rv, ARRAY_OBJ(entry));
+    ADD_C(rv, ARRAY_OBJ(entry));
   }
   return rv;
 }
diff --git a/src/nvim/usercmd.c b/src/nvim/usercmd.c
index c4e04159ef..8d41edec8a 100644
--- a/src/nvim/usercmd.c
+++ b/src/nvim/usercmd.c
@@ -1744,25 +1744,24 @@ int do_ucmd(exarg_T *eap, bool preview)
 /// @param buf  Buffer to inspect, or NULL to get global commands.
 ///
 /// @return Map of maps describing commands
-Dictionary commands_array(buf_T *buf)
+Dictionary commands_array(buf_T *buf, Arena *arena)
 {
-  Dictionary rv = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
-  char str[20];
   garray_T *gap = (buf == NULL) ? &ucmds : &buf->b_ucmds;
 
+  Dictionary rv = arena_dict(arena, (size_t)gap->ga_len);
   for (int i = 0; i < gap->ga_len; i++) {
     char arg[2] = { 0, 0 };
-    Dictionary d = ARRAY_DICT_INIT;
+    Dictionary d = arena_dict(arena, 14);
     ucmd_T *cmd = USER_CMD_GA(gap, i);
 
-    PUT(d, "name", CSTR_TO_OBJ(cmd->uc_name));
-    PUT(d, "definition", CSTR_TO_OBJ(cmd->uc_rep));
-    PUT(d, "script_id", INTEGER_OBJ(cmd->uc_script_ctx.sc_sid));
-    PUT(d, "bang", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_BANG)));
-    PUT(d, "bar", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_TRLBAR)));
-    PUT(d, "register", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_REGSTR)));
-    PUT(d, "keepscript", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_KEEPSCRIPT)));
-    PUT(d, "preview", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_PREVIEW)));
+    PUT_C(d, "name", CSTR_AS_OBJ(cmd->uc_name));
+    PUT_C(d, "definition", CSTR_AS_OBJ(cmd->uc_rep));
+    PUT_C(d, "script_id", INTEGER_OBJ(cmd->uc_script_ctx.sc_sid));
+    PUT_C(d, "bang", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_BANG)));
+    PUT_C(d, "bar", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_TRLBAR)));
+    PUT_C(d, "register", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_REGSTR)));
+    PUT_C(d, "keepscript", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_KEEPSCRIPT)));
+    PUT_C(d, "preview", BOOLEAN_OBJ(!!(cmd->uc_argt & EX_PREVIEW)));
 
     switch (cmd->uc_argt & (EX_EXTRA | EX_NOSPC | EX_NEEDARG)) {
     case 0:
@@ -1776,49 +1775,47 @@ Dictionary commands_array(buf_T *buf)
     case (EX_EXTRA | EX_NOSPC | EX_NEEDARG):
       arg[0] = '1'; break;
     }
-    PUT(d, "nargs", CSTR_TO_OBJ(arg));
+    PUT_C(d, "nargs", CSTR_TO_ARENA_OBJ(arena, arg));
 
     char *cmd_compl = get_command_complete(cmd->uc_compl);
-    PUT(d, "complete", (cmd_compl == NULL
-                        ? NIL : CSTR_TO_OBJ(cmd_compl)));
-    PUT(d, "complete_arg", cmd->uc_compl_arg == NULL
-        ? NIL : CSTR_TO_OBJ(cmd->uc_compl_arg));
+    PUT_C(d, "complete", (cmd_compl == NULL
+                          ? NIL : CSTR_AS_OBJ(cmd_compl)));
+    PUT_C(d, "complete_arg", cmd->uc_compl_arg == NULL
+          ? NIL : CSTR_AS_OBJ(cmd->uc_compl_arg));
 
     Object obj = NIL;
     if (cmd->uc_argt & EX_COUNT) {
       if (cmd->uc_def >= 0) {
-        snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%" PRId64, cmd->uc_def);
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ(str);    // -count=N
+        obj = STRING_OBJ(arena_printf(arena, "%" PRId64, cmd->uc_def));    // -count=N
       } else {
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ("0");    // -count
+        obj = CSTR_AS_OBJ("0");    // -count
       }
     }
-    PUT(d, "count", obj);
+    PUT_C(d, "count", obj);
 
     obj = NIL;
     if (cmd->uc_argt & EX_RANGE) {
       if (cmd->uc_argt & EX_DFLALL) {
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ("%");    // -range=%
+        obj = STATIC_CSTR_AS_OBJ("%");    // -range=%
       } else if (cmd->uc_def >= 0) {
-        snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%" PRId64, cmd->uc_def);
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ(str);    // -range=N
+        obj = STRING_OBJ(arena_printf(arena, "%" PRId64, cmd->uc_def));    // -range=N
       } else {
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ(".");    // -range
+        obj = STATIC_CSTR_AS_OBJ(".");    // -range
       }
     }
-    PUT(d, "range", obj);
+    PUT_C(d, "range", obj);
 
     obj = NIL;
     for (int j = 0; addr_type_complete[j].expand != ADDR_NONE; j++) {
       if (addr_type_complete[j].expand != ADDR_LINES
           && addr_type_complete[j].expand == cmd->uc_addr_type) {
-        obj = CSTR_TO_OBJ(addr_type_complete[j].name);
+        obj = CSTR_AS_OBJ(addr_type_complete[j].name);
         break;
       }
     }
-    PUT(d, "addr", obj);
+    PUT_C(d, "addr", obj);
 
-    PUT(rv, cmd->uc_name, DICTIONARY_OBJ(d));
+    PUT_C(rv, cmd->uc_name, DICTIONARY_OBJ(d));
   }
   return rv;
 }